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AIRFRAME ORALS
CHAPTER 3 - WOOD, COMPOSITE, AND TRANSPARENT PLASTIC STRUCTURES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHAT ARE THE THREE FORMS OF WOOD COMMONLY USED IN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION? | SOLID, LAMINATED, AND PLYWOOD. |
| WHAT TYPE OF WOOD SHOULD BE USED WHEN SPLICING OR REINFORCING PLYWOOD WEBS? | THE SAME TYPE OF PLYWOOD AS ORIGINALLY USED. |
| NAME AT LEAST FOUR DIFFERENT TYPES OF DEFECTS FOUND IN WOOD. | KNOTS, CHECKS, SPLITS, PITCH POCKETS CROSS GRAIN, DECAY, DRY ROT, ETC. |
| CAN A SECTION OF WOOD CONTAINING A HARD KNOT BE USED? | YES, WITHIN SPECIFIED LIMITS. |
| WHAT TYPE OF GLUE MAY HAVE BEEN USED IN OLDER WOODEN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION THAT RQUIRES CAREFUL INSPECTION TO DETECT DETERIORATION? | CASIN GLUE. |
| WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF GLUES USED IN MODERN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR? | RESORCINOL GLUE, PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE GLUE, AND EPOXY RESIN GLUE. |
| IS COMPRESSION WOOD ACCEPTABLE FOR STRUCTURAL REPAIRS? | NO. |
| WHY SHOULD THE VARIOUS PIECES OF WOOD BEING JOINED BE KEPT IN THE SAME ROOM FOR AT LEAST 24 HOURS PRIOR TO JOINING . | TO ALLOW THE MOISTURE CONTENT TO EQUILIZE, THEREBY MINIMIZING DIMENSIONAL CHANGES IN THE WOOD. |
| WHY IS IMPORTANT TO CONSIDER THE OPEN-ASSY TIME WHEN GLUING WOODEN STRUCTURES? | IF THE MAXIMUM OPEN ASSY TIME IS EXCEEDED, THE JOINT MAY FAIL SINCE THE GLUE MAY BEGIN SETTING UP BEFORE THE JOINT IS ASSEMBLED. |
| WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO APPLY THE PROPER CLAMPING PRESSURE TO A GLUE JOINT? | CLAMPING FORCES AIR OUT OF THE JOINT, BRINGS THE WOOD SURFACES TOGETHER EVENLY AND IS, IN PART, RESPONSIBLE FOR THE STRENGTH OF THE GLUE JOINT. |
| DESCRIBE SOME OF THE METHODS USED TO APPLY PRESSURE TO GLUE JOINTS. | CLAMPS, NAILING STRIPS, POWER PRESSES, BRADS, NAILS, AND SMALL SCREWS. |
| WHAT MINIMUM CURING TEMP SHOULD BE OBSERVED WHEN JOINING WOOD WITH VARIOUS ADHESIVES? | 70 DEGRESS "F" OR AS SPECIFIED BY THE GLUE MANUFACTURER. |
| WHEN INSPECTING WOOD STRUCTURES, WHY MIGHT IT BE IMPORTANT TO CONSIDER STAINS AND DISCOLORED AREAS? | STAINS AND DISCOLORATION USUALLY ACCOMPANY DECAY AND/OR ROT. |
| DESCRIBE THE ACCEPTABLE METHODS USED TO REPAIR ELONGATED BOLT HOLES FOUND IN A WOODEN WING SPAR. | REMOVE THESECTION CONTAINING THE ELONGATED HOLE(S) AND SPLICE IN A NEW SECTION OR REPLACE THE ENTIRE SPAR. |
| WHAT TYPE OF JOINT IS USED TO SPLICE A SOLID OR RECTANGULAR WOOD SPAR? | A SCARF JOINT. |
| IN WHAT AREAS ARE SPLICES TO A WOOD SPAR PROHIBITED? | UNDER AN ATTACHMENT FITTING FOR THE WING ROOT, LANDING GEAR, ENGINE-MOUNT, LIFT, OR INTER-PLANE STRUT. |
| WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SPLICES ALLOWED FOR ANY SINGLE SPAR? | TWO. |
| DESCRIBE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A SCARF JOINT. | THE PIECES TO BE JOINED ARE TAPERED OR BEVELED ON A SLOPE OF 1-10 OR 1-12. |
| WHY MUST THE BEVELED CUT BE ACCURATE ON BOTH PIECES OF WOOD BEING REPAIRED WITH A SCARFED JOINT? | THE TWO PIECES MUST MATCH EXACTLY TO ENSURE A TIGHT GLUE JOINT. |
| WHAT ARE THE TWO PRIMARY USES FOR PLYWOOD IN AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION? | GUSSET (OR REINFORCING) PLATES AND AIRCRAFT SKIN. |
| PROVIDE EXAMPLES OF AT LEAST THREE TYPES OF PLYWOOD SKIN REPAIRS. | SPLAYED PATCHES, SURFACE PATCHES, PLUG PATCHES, AND SCARFED PATCHES. |
| WHAT TYPE OF PATCH SHOULD BE USED TO REPAIR SMALL HOLES IN THIN PLYWOOD SKIN IF THE SKIN IS LESS THAN 1/10TH INCH THICK. | A SPLAYED PATCH MAY BE USED IF THE HOLE CAN BE CLEARED OUT TO A DIAMETER OF LESS THAN 15 THICKNESS OF THE SKIN. |
| WHAT SHOULD BE DONE TO PREVENT A PLYWOOD PATCH AND THE PRESSURE PLATE FROM STICKING TOGETHER IF GLUE IS EXTRUDED FROM THE JOINT? | PLACE A PIECE OF WAXED PAPER OR VINYL PLASTIC BETWEEN THE PATCH AND THE PRESSURE PLATE. |
| WHY ARE LIGHTWEIGHT STEEL BUSHINGS SOMETIMES USED IN WOODEN STRUCTURES? | BUSHINGS PREVENT THE WOOD FROM BEING CRUSHED WHEN BOLTS ARE TIGHTENED. |
| WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF LARGE SURFACE AREA WASHERS WHEN USED ON WOODEN STRUCTURES? | LARGE WASHERS PROVIDE ADDITIONAL BEARING AREA FOR HARDWARE TO HELP PRECLUDE DAMAGE TO THE WOOD WHEN THE HARDWARE IS TIGHTENED . |
| NAME SVERAL FACINGS AND CORE MATERIALS USED IN BONDED HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES INTENDED FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS. | STAINLESS STEEL, TITANIUM, MAGNESIUM, PLYWOOD, GLASS, NYLON, AND COTTON CLOTH. |
| DESCRIBE THE CONSTRUCTION OF A BONDED HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE. | IT IS A LAMINATED STRUCTURE THAT HAS A SOLID FACING BONDED TO EITHER SIDE OF A CORE CONSISTING OF OPEN, SIX-SIDED CELLS. |
| WHAT MUST BE DONE WITH A DAMAGED AREA IN A BONDED HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE PRIOR TO BEGINNING REPAIRS? | THE AREA MUST FIRST BE INSPECTED TO DETERMINE THE DAMAGED AREA PRIOR TO COMPLETELY REMOVING THE DAMAGED MATERIAL. |
| A DRILL BIT USED FOR DRILLING COMPOSITIES SHOULD OPERATE AT APPROXIMATELY WHAT SPEED? | USE AN AIR-DRIVEN TOOL CAPABLE OF A FREE SPEED OF UP TO 20,000 RPM. |
| WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON CAUSES FOR DELAMINATION OF A COMPOSITE STRUCTURE? | SONIC VIBRATION, EXPANSION OF INTERNAL MOISTURE, LIQUID LEAKAGE, AND A MANUFACTURING ERROR. |
| WHAT TYPE OF DEFECT IN, OR DAMAGE TO, A BONDED HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE CAN BE REPAIRED USING THE POTTED REPAIR METHOD? | FILLING A HOLE. |
| NAME SOME OF THE FACTORS THAT CAUSE CRAZING IN TRANSPARENT PLASTIC WINDOWS AND WINDSHIELDS? | EXPOSURE TO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, STRESS, SOLVENTS, AND IMPROPER HANDLING. |
| HOW SHOULD A HOLE BE DRILLED IN PLEXIGLASS TO AVOID DAMAGE TO THE HOLE WHEN THE DRILL BREAKS THROUGH TO THE UNDERSIDE? | BACK UP THE PLASTIC WITH A PIECE OF WOOD AND FEED THE DRILL SLOWLY. |
Created by:
brookburns34924
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