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Physiology Activity
Week 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the DNA molecule, a sequence of three base pairs forms a(n) | codon |
| Diffusion moves | down a concentration gradient |
| The two processes of protein synthesis are | transcription and translation |
| Osmosis can be defined as | the net movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. |
| Which of the following is an active transport process? | endocytosis |
| Meiosis is called “reduction division” because | the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. |
| RNA makes proteins by | translation |
| Proteins that act as catalysts are called | enzymes |
| Replication of DNA occurs in which phase of interphase? | S phase |
| The component that distinguishes one nucleotide from another is the | nitrogen base |
| The cell process in which microorganisms or other large particles are engulfed is called | phagocytosis |
| If oxygen is available, the pyruvate molecules formed by glycolysis are prepared to enter the next phase of aerobic cellular respiration, called the | citric acid cycle |
| Meiotic division occurs in | primitive sex cells. |
| A chemical that reduces the amount of activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction is a(n) | catalyst |
| Which of the following phases is NOT correctly matched with its description? | anaphase – mitosis is complete |
| Mitosis is subdivided into four phases, including all of the following except prophase. | karyophase. |
| A molecule or other agent that alters enzyme function by changing its shape is called a(n) | allosteric effector |
| Water pressure that develops in a solution as a result of osmosis into that solution is called _____ pressure. | osmotic |
| Red blood cells are placed in an unknown solution. After 45 minutes, the cells are examined and determined to have decreased in size. The unknown solution is | hypertonic |
| In the electron transport system, the final electron acceptor is | oxygen |
| Transcription can best be described as the | synthesis of mRNA |
| Normal mitosis results in | cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. |
| Diffusion can be defined as | the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of meiosis? | two haploid gametes |
| If red blood cells containing 10% solute are placed in a solution containing 10% solute, what will happen? | Water will move into and out of the cells at equal rates. |
| The result of meiosis is | four daughter cells that are haploid. |
| Facilitated diffusion is not an active transport process because it | does not depend on cell energy. |
| Glycolysis occurs in what part of the cell? | cytoplasm |
| The total number of 46 chromosomes per cell is referred to as _________ number. | diploid |
| In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes move to the opposite ends of the cells along the spindle fibers? | anaphase |
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Janelleu4771
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