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Chapter 4

The Visual Elements

QuestionAnswer
Line A path traced by a moving point and conveys borders of form, direction, and motion
Outline Defines a two dimensional shape
Contour The boundaries we perceive of 3-dimensional forms.
Contour Lines The lines we draw to record those contour boundaries
Direction and Movement Use of directional Iines, "directional force"
Vertical lines Have assertive quality, defying gravity with upward thrust
Diagonal lines Imply action using two conflicting centers of interest-heightens tension
Implied lines Dotted lines, lights of sight, gaze
Shape Two-dimensional form occupying an area with identifiable boundaries
Mass Three dimensional form that occupies a volume of space
Geometric Square, triangle, circle, cube, pyramid, and sphere
Organic Irregular and evoke living forms of nature
Figure/Ground Relationship Elements are perceived as either figures (distinct elements of focus) or ground (the background or landscape on which the figures rest).
Positive Shapes Shapes perceived as figures
Negative Shapes Shapes perceived as ground
Implied Shapes Perceived spaces between objects that are placed in relationship to each other, we see those spaces as shapes
Light Conveys symbolic and emotional content, can be passive or active, descriptive or transformative
Implied Light Modeling Mass in Two Dimensions
Values Shades of light and dark/ Grayscale/ Zone System
Chiaroscuro Use of values (lights and darks) to record the contrasts of light and shadow in the natural world
Drawing uses hatching, crosshatching and _______ to achieve tonal values Stippling
Color Wheel A circular diagram of the spectrum used to show the relationships between the colors
Primary Colors Red, yellow, blue, cannot be made by mixing other colors
Secondary Colors Orange, green and violet, made by combining two primary colors
Tertiary Colors Product of a primary color and an adjacent secondary color
Hue The name of the color according to the categories of the color wheel
Tint Lighter than normal value
Shade Darker than normal value
Intensity (Chroma or Saturation) Refers to the relative purity of color
Monochromatic Variations of the same hue
Complementary Colors directly opposite on the color wheel
Analogous Combine colors adjacent to one another on the color wheel
Triadic Composed of any three colors equidistant from each other on the color wheel
Restricted Palette/Open Palette Choice to work with limited or full palette
Simultaneous Contrast Complementary colors appear more intense when placed side by side
Afterimage Visual sensation occurring after stimulation by its external cause has ceased
Pointilism Use of points, blended further away
Visual Texture Suggesting texture by recording the way light plays over the rendered surfaces
Pattern Decorative, repetitive motif or design
Picture Plane The flat literal surface
Implied Spaces Suggesting depth in 2 dimensions with overlapping and position
Linear Perspective Forms diminish as they recede from us
Vanishing Point Parallel lines receding into the distance seen to converge until they meet at a point on the horizon line where they disappear
Foreshortening Visual effect/optical illusion that causes an object or distance to appear shorter than it actually is because it is angled towards the viewer
Isometric Perspective All dimensions parallel to the 3 principle spatial axis are shown in their true properties
Atmospheric Perspective Effect the atmosphere has on the appearance of an object as it is viewed from a distance, particles of moisture and dust can scatter light
Created by: Sydboyer15
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