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Week 7

Nerve Signaling

QuestionAnswer
The difference between sodium and potassium in the generation of action potential is that: sodium causes depolarization of the cell membrane, and potassium causes repolarization of the cell membrane
The sodium-potassium pump actively pumps three potassium ions out of the neuron and two sodium ions into the neuron False
If the magnitude of the local depolarization surpasses a limit called the _____, voltage-gated Na+ channels are stimulated to open. threshold potential
A synapse can occur only between an axon and: a cell body, a dendrite, another axon
Which chemicals allow neurons to communicate with one another? Neurotransmitters
A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be Polarized
A neurologist is using a voltmeter to measure potential. The membrane potential of a neuron was recorded at +30 mV. This is what type of membrane potential? Action
Which membrane receptor acts to directly change ion permeability when stimulated? Gated-channel receptor
What mechanism quickly terminates the action of a neurotransmitter once it binds to its postsynaptic receptor? Neurotransmitter molecules are metabolized into inactive compounds, Neurotransmitter molecules are transported into nearby glial cells, and Neurotransmitter molecules are transported back into synaptic knobs.
When neurotransmitters from synaptic knobs stimulate a postsynaptic neuron in rapid succession, their effect can add up over a brief period to produce an action potential. This is called temporal summation
The brief period during which a local area of an axon's membrane resists re-stimulation is called the __________ period. refractory
The membrane potential maintained by a nonconducting neuron’s plasma membrane is called the _____ membrane potential. Resting
Movement of the membrane potential away from zero (below the usual RMP) is called Hyperpolarization
When a neuron is resting, the inner surface of its plasma membrane is slightly positive compared with its outer surface False
A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is nerve impulse
In a myelinated fiber, the action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next. True
In a myelinated neuron, the impulse can travel under the myelin between nodes of Ranvier. True
Whether an impulse is continued through the neuron depends on the magnitude of the voltage in the axon hillock True
The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a membrane is called the membrane potential True
There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the __________ synapse. Chemical
The magnitude of the action potential peaks when the sodium channels close. True
In depolarization, the membrane potential moves toward zero, whereas in hyperpolarization the membrane potential moves away from zero. True
The speed of a nerve impulse depends on the neuron’s resting potential False
The action potential seems to “leap” from node to node along a myelinated fiber. This type of impulse regeneration is called __________ conduction. Saltatory
The mechanisms that produce and maintain the resting membrane potential do so by producing a slight excess of positive ions on the outer surface of the plasma membrane
The tiny bulge at the end of a terminal branch of a presynaptic neuron’s axon is called a(n) synaptic knob
Neurons are the only living cells that maintain a difference in the concentration of ions across their membranes False
The active transport mechanism in the plasma membrane that transports sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions and at different rates is the sodium-potassium pump
If the threshold potential is surpassed, the full peak of the action potential is always reached. True
An ion channel that opens in response to a sensory stimulus is a(n) stimulus-gated channel.
Created by: cmblaska
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