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human biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| digestive system- GI tube | mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine,rectum, anus. |
| digestive system- accessory organs | teeth, mandible, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas. |
| the mouth | Teeth chew food; tongue tastes and pushes food for chewing and swallowing |
| Pharynx | passageway where food is swallowed |
| the stomach | secrets acid and digestive enzynes for protein; churns, mixing food with secretions and sends chyme to small intestine |
| large intestine | absorbs water and salt to form feces |
| rectum | stores and regulates elimination of feces |
| salivary glands | secrete saliva: contains digestive enzymes for carbohydrates |
| liver | major metabolic organ: processes and stores nutrients ` |
| pancreas | procures pancreatic juice:contains digestive enzymes, and sends it to the small intestine produces insulin and secrets into the blood after eating. |
| osmolality | the total solute concentration in a given solution. isosmotic, hyposmotic, hyperosmotic. |
| hypertonic | a solution with a high osmotic pressure |
| hypotonic | a solution with low osmotic pressure |
| isotonic | equal osmotic pressure- no net water movement will occur if a cell is placed in this solution. |
| nephrons | makes urine by filtering the blood of its small molecules and ions, reclaims useful materials and releases surplus or waste out as urine. |
| collecting tubule | it leads to the pelvis of the kidney form where the urine flows to the bladder and, periodically, on to the outside world |
| how do the kidneys maintain homeostais | excrete wastes, regulates blood volume and pressure, regulates pH, assistance to other system. |
| osmosis | Osmosisdiffusion of water across a membrane from a more dilute solution (low solute concentration) to a less dilute solution (high solute concentration) |
| glomerulus | blood enters under pressure |
| after Blood enters the glomerulus under pressur, small molecules and ions to filter through the capillary walls into | Bowman's capsule. |
| ADH- anthidiuertic hormone | Causes wall of collecting ducts to be more permeable to water so more water is reabsorbed. |
| Atrial natriuretic hormone | secreted by right atrium of heart in response to increased blood volume promotes excretion of salt and water into the urine |
| Function of the lungs | is gas exchange with the blood. |
| breathing | moving air in/out of lungs |
| External respiration: | in the lungs exchange of gas into the blood |
| internal respiration | exchange of O2 BETWEEN BLOOD AND CELLS |
| the respiratory system | mouth/nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea,bronchus, brachioles, aveoli |
| mouth/nose | how air enters and leaves your system |
| pharynx | connects nose to the larynx |
| larynx | your voice box, it connects your pharynx to your trachea |
| trachea | your windpipe, it connects your larynx to your bronchus |
| bronchua | the main tubes that runs from the trachea the brochioles. the two tubes that divide to your left and right lung |
| brochioles | smaller tubes made of smooth muscles that divide into many tubes |
| aveoli | where gas exchange takes place. air sacs in the lungs covered in blood vessels |
| inhaling | is active and need muscular contractions. rib cage rises, diaphragm goes down. |
| exhaling | is passive and happens when muscles relax., rib cage descends, diaphragm goes up. |
| Larynx--> | mouth, throat (pharynx), trachea |
| Lungs--> | bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli |
| Epiglottis | acts like a door- sits on top of the voice box. Opens up when eatin putting pressure on the breathing . |
| gametes | sex cells |
| fertilization | the combination of a female and male gametes |
| zygote | a fertilized egg |
| embryology | the study of developing embryos |
| development | a series of events that give rise to full grown organism |
| embryo | a multicellular organism in the early stage of development |
| differentiation | a series of changes that transfer unspecialized embryonic cells into specialized tissues, and organs. |
| cleavage | series of cell division by the zygote |
| morula | first stage of development. solid balls of cells undergoing cleavage |
| blastula | second stage of development |
| gastrula | the third stage of development. In this stage, cells on one side of the blastula move inward and form a multi-layered embryo with three germ layers. |
| germ layers | Three distinct tissue layers that form during gastrulation. The three major germ layers are the endoderm, mesoderm and exoderm. |
| aorta | the main artery in the body, caries blood form the left ventricle to the systematic circulation |
| artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body |
| atria | a chamber that receives blood that is returning within the lungs |
| bronchiole | a small air passage that branches form the bronchi within the lungs |
| capillary | a tiny blood vessel that allows an exchanged between blood and cells in tissues |
| pulmonary circulation | in animals, respiration through the lungs |
| systemic circulation | the movement of blood from the heart to the heart |
| vein | in animals, a vessel that carries blood to the heart |
| ventricles | one of the two large muscular chambers that pump blood out of the hear |
Created by:
stetrelles304
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