Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
EXAM 4 HUM BIO 1021
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the Nervous System do | Communicates from one end of the body to another, collection and integration of internal and external stimuli, forms appropriate respones, and controls most unconscious actions |
| What are the two components of the Nervous system | Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| What is the Central Nervous System made of | the brain and spinal cord |
| What is the Peripheral Nervous System comprised of | all neural tissue other than the brain and spinal cord |
| Autonomic System | Part of the Peripheral Nervous System. Governs body's responses to changes in homeostasis with involuntary, unconscious reactions |
| What are the 2 major Nerve Pathways the Autonomic System Controls | Fight or Flight (Sympathetic Nerve Pathway) and Rest and Digest (Parasympathetic Nerve Pathway) |
| What does the Sympathetic Nerve Pathway control? | The body when actively moving. Flight or fight. Increases heart rate., Increases blood pressure, and contracts muscles. |
| Neuron | The functional units of the nervous system |
| Nerve Cell | The functional units of the nervous system |
| All neurons are comprised of these three parts | Cell body, dendrites, axons |
| The 3 types of Neurons | Sensory, Interneuron, Motor |
| Sensory Neuron | Detects conditoins in the environment or body such as pain, heat, taste |
| Interneuron | Connect sensory neurons and motor neurons |
| Motor | Carry instructions to muscles |
| The Reflex | Fastest nerve reaction comprised of three cells |
| What path does a Reflex Take | Only takes three cells, from sensory, to interneuron, to the muscle, does not go through the brain |
| Synapses | Separate one neuron form another is a specialized junction between a neuron and another cell |
| Neurotransmitters | Messenger molecules that transmit the nerve impulse from one cell to the next |
| The 4 major types of Neurotransmitters | ACh, Amino Acids, Biogenic Amines, Neuropeptides |
| 3 drugs that affect neurotransmitters | Xanax, Oxycodone, Cocaine |
| Two types of senses | Somatic, and Special senses |
| Somatic Sense | Helps coordinate muscle movements, maintain body temperature, Involves receptors from all over the body |
| Special Senses | Extremely sensitive receptors, responsible for sight, sound, smell, taste |
| Sensing smell and taste requires which type of receptors | chemoreceptors |
| Chemorecptors | Sensory neurons that detect particular molecules |
| Olfaction | Smelling |
| How many taste buds | 10K |
| Five flavor profiles of the tongue | Sweet, Sour, Bitter, Salty, and umami |
| Equilibrium | Sense of balance, is housed in the inner ear |
| Two Types of Equilibirum | Static (gravitational) and Dynamic (rotational) equilibrium |
| Static Equilibrium | Response to gravity, lets you know which way is down |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | Detects acceleration in your head |
| Pupil | Changes size to let light in |
| Lens | Focus light on the retina; transmits light |
| Iris | controls the pupil |
| Retina | Captures incoming photons and sends them to the brain to be turned into images. Composed entirely of layers of neurons |
| (Visual) Accommodation | Changing of lens shape to view nearby objects |
| Rods | Photoreceptors that function in low levels of light providing vague images |
| Cones | Photoreceptors that respond to bright light providing color vision |
| The nervous system and the ____ work together to coordinate all systems of the body | endocrine system |
| Nervous system releases which chemical messenger | Neruotransmitters |
| Endocrine system releases which chemical messenger | Hormones |
| Difference between Neurotransmitter and Hormones | Hormones travel through blood, Neurotransmitters travel through nervous system |
| Site of Action for Hormones | Far from site of release |
| Site of Action for Neurotransmitters | Close to site of release in the synapse |
| Target Cells | cells that are affected by a specific hormone |
| Two type of hormones | Lipid Soluble, Water Soluble |
| 3 Examples of a Water Soluble hormone | Insulin, Oxytocin, ADH |
| 3 Examples of a Lipid Soluble hormone | Testosterone, Estrogen, cortisol |
| Which hormone requires transport protein | Lipid Soluble |
| Which hormone binds to outside receptors of target cell | Water Soluble |
| Peptides | Water Soluble Hormones |
| Which part of the brain is responsible for commanding the pituitary gland | Hypothalamus |
| Implantation | When the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall |
| Oogenesis | Production of an egg. By meiosis that forms one haploid egg from one parent cell |
| Chromosomes contain what | Our dna / genes |
| What are diploid cells | Contain two sets / a pair of chromosomes |
| Alleles | Two or more forms of a gene that are found at the same place in a chromosome |
| Heterozygous | Contains one dominant and one recessive allele |
| Phenotype | Physical appearance expressed from an individuals genotype |
| Codominant alleles | Do not mask each other but rather both are expressed. Example blood type AB |
| Pedigrees | Show family relationship and phenotypes and modes of inheritance |
Created by:
WebLord
Popular Biochemistry sets