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Muscle Contraction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sliding Filament Theory | The theory that a sarcomere shortens during muscle contraction without changing the length of filaments |
| Cell Body | Central portion of the nerve from which numerous dendrites extend and serve as “data collectors” or receptors |
| Signals | Transmitted from the cell body along the nerve axon terminal which will either contact the muscle or the next neuron |
| Neuron | The plasma membrane of the body maintains an active action potential due to sodium (Na) and potassium (K) gradient formed across the axons that are maintained by the Na/K pump |
| Myelin Sheath | Made up of Schwann Cells which can encases the axon serving as an insulator to provide a greater rate of signal stimulus |
| Motor End Plate | Site of signal termination on the muscle fiber |
| Membrane Potential | Na/K pump maintains this potential; the pump serves to pump Na into the nerve fiber and K out of the nerve fibers |
| Action Potential | Generated from channels known as voltage ion channels; the Na channel is engaged (pumped into the cell) the K migrated out causing a potential much higher than at the resting state |
| Na/K pump | Requires energy (ATP) to pump Na and K against their concentration gradients, the end result is a pulse inside the nerve axon that’s able to travel the length of the axon |
| Axon Terminus | Located at the end of the nerve fiber |
| Synaptic Cleft | Space after the presynaptic membrane |
| Acetylcholine | (Neurotransmitter) Transfer the impulse from the MEP to the muscle cell and depolarizes the sarcolemma |
| Sarcolemma | Impulse enters the T-tubules and travels to the triad junction |
| Triad Junction | Two terminal cisternae and one T-tubule converge within the SR |
| Calcium binding | The sudden flux of Ca into the muscle fiber triggers the contraction process to proceed; calcium binds to Troponin C and causes a conformational shift off the Troponin T unit |
| Conformational Shift | Tropomyosin moves into the groves of actin and exposes binding sites for the actomyosin complex |
| Myosin Binding | Myosin Heads (HMM) contains ATPase and functioning binding sites |
| Resting State | ADP + Pi (creative phosphate) bound to myosin to prevent coupling |
Created by:
CatHern
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