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GENERAL 05
Materials & Processes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the magnetic particle inspection basic process consist of? | The basic process consists of magnetizing a part and then applying ferromagnetic particles to the surface area to be inspected. If a discontinuity (defect) is present, the particles will form a recognizable pattern on the surface. |
| What nondestructive testing methods could be used for detecting surface cracks in aluminum fittings? | Dye penetrant radiography (X-ray), eddy current, ultrasonic testing, and visual inspection. |
| What occurs during the preparation stages when penetrant inspection liquid is applied to, and then removed from, a part that is cracked? | The penetrating liquid enters the crack and remains there in order to make the crack visible after developer is applied |
| What is the procedure for performing penetrant inspection? | The steps are: Clean the surface, apply penetrant; remove the penetrant with emulsifier or cleaner; dry the part; apply developer; and inspect and interpret results |
| How may AN standard steel bolts be identified? | AN bolts can be identified by the code markings on the bolt heads |
| What do the markings on the heads of solid shank rivets indicate? | The material of which they are made and their strength |
| How can the recommended torque for a bolt or nut be determined when torque values are not called out in the maintenance procedures? | From the information contained in the standard torque table |
| What does the grip length of a bolt correspond to? | The thickness of the material being fastened with the bolt |
| What may be accomplished to prevent heat treated aluminum alloy rivets from becoming hard after the quenching sequence? | The rivets may be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature lower than 32°F. They will remain soft for several days |
| Where may self-locking nuts NOT be used? | All joints which subject either the nut or bolt to rotation |
| What is the difference between a general purpose bolt and a close tolerance bolt? | Close tolerance bolts are machined more accurately than general purpose bolts |
| What type of cable is commonly used in primary control systems? | Extra flexible 7x9 stainless steel cable |
| How is work hardening obtained? | By cold working metal |
| What width would a welding bead have and what should be the depth of penetration in a butt weld? | The bead width should be 3 to 5 times the thickness of the base metal and 100 percent penetration for a butt weld |
| What are the undesirable characteristics of a cold weld? | A cold weld has improper penetration with rough and irregular cold laps not feathered into the base metal |
| What are the penetration requirements for a fillet weld? | A fillet weld should be 25 to 50 percent of the thickness of the base metal |
| What precision measuring instruments are used to measure outside dimensions? | Outside micrometer calipers and Vernier calipers |
| Why should a micrometer be periodically calibrated? | Give at least one of these answers: 1) Continually sliding objects between the anvil and spindle may wear the surfaces; 2) if it is dropped, its accuracy may be affected; 3) If the spindle is overtightened, the frame may be permanently sprung (bent) |
| Why is alloy steel that is responsive to heat treatment usually less suitable for welding? | Because of its tendency to become brittle and lose its ductility in the welded area |
| What is the main difference between thermoplastic and thermosetting resins (plastics)? | Thermoplastic resins can be softened by heat and become hard again when cooled down. Thermosetting resins do not soften when heated and will char and burn rather than melt |
| What are some of the purposes for which thermoplastic and thermosetting resins are commonly used in modern aircraft? | Thermoplastic acrylic (Plexiglas) is commonly used for windshields and side windows. Thermosetting resins are commonly used as the matrix material in composites. |
| Name one material commonly used as the reinforcing component in structural composite laminates. | Answers include 1) Aramid (Kevlar); 2) Fiberglass; 3) Graphite (or carbon) fiber |
| Name one substance commonly used as the matrix material in structural composite laminates. | Answer includes: 1) Polyester resin, and 2) epoxy resin |
| Name one advantage of using pre-impregnated (prepreg) materials (over non- prepreg materials) in the construction or repair of composite components (besides saving time) | 1) Prepreg fabric contains the proper amount of matrix; 2) the reinforcing fibers are completely and evenly permeated with matrix (or resin rich and resin lean areas are eliminated); 3) the matrix has the correct proportions of resin and hardener |
| Which NDT method can be performed without removing the surface coatings such as primer, paint, and anodized films and is effective in detecting surface and subsurface corrosion? | Eddy Current Inspection Method |
| Which Steel Alloy is noted for its toughness and is most commonly used for aircraft tubular structure, such as frame members, engine mounts, landing gear parts, and other structural parts? | Chrome-Molybdenum steel |
| Which case hardening process is accomplished on steel alloys, after heat treating, to produce wear resistant surface on engine parts, such as crankshafts? | Nitriding |
| What portable hardness tester is commonly used for testing aluminum alloys, copper, brass, or other relatively soft materials? | Barcol Tester |
| In what class of threaded fit are aircraft bolts commonly manufactured? | Class 3, medium fit |
| Name at least three properties of metals. | Hardness, toughness, elasticity, ductility, malleability, strength, brittleness, fusibility, conductivity, thermal expansion |
| What is the term used that applies to the group of metals that has iron as its principle constituent? | Ferrous |
| In the aluminum alloy 2xxx through 8xxx series, as in 2024-T3, what do the first digits indicate? | The primary alloying element |
| Name two types of hardness testers used on steel and other alloys such as. aluminum. | Rockwell, Brinnell, Barcol |
| What is the term used that applies to a combination of materials such as fiber, whisker or particle, surrounded and held in place by a resin forming a structure? | Composite structure |
| Name four advantages of composites. | High strength to weight ratio; fiber-to-fiber transfer of stress allowed by chemical bonding: modulus; longer life than metals; higher corrosion resistance; tensile strength 4 to 6 times that of steel or aluminum; greater design flexibility; easily repair |
| What are the two general types of self-locking nuts? | All metal, and fiber-lock or elastic stop nut |
| What hardware is used as a threaded bushing to repair threads? | Helicoils |
| When referring to a standard torque chart, how can a 1/4 -28 sized bolt be defined? | It is a ¼" diameter bolt with a thread count of 28 threads per inch |
| A solid rivet's diameter is measured in what fractional increments? | 1/32 inch |
| A solid rivets length is measured in what fractional increment? | 1/16th of an inch |
| The diameter of AN standard steel bolt, as in the part number AN3-5, is measured in what fractional increment? | 1/16th of an inch (the AN3 is 3/16 inch diameter bolt) |
| The length of AN standard steel bolts, as in the part number AN3-5, is measured in what fractional increment? | 1/8th of an inch (the AN3-5 is a 5/8 inch bolt in length) |
| What are two basic types of washers? | Plain washers, & Lock washers |
Created by:
Chisum
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