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Nervous Sys Senses
Chapter 12 Hole's Human Anatomy and Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The senses with widely distributed receptors including skin, various organs, and joints are the what? | general senses |
| Which group of senses have more specialized receptors and are confined to the head? | special senses |
| The method of information collection for the senses is through what? | specialized receptor cells |
| Stimulated receptor cells in turn stimulate what? | neurons |
| The neurons stimulated by receptor cells pass information along sensory fibers to the brain and end up ultimately where? | cerebral cortex |
| Most sensory neurons are what kind of polar? | unipolar |
| How are unipolar neurons unique? | the peripheral process, associated with dendrites, functions as an axon |
| What type of receptor responds to changes in the concentration of chemicals? | chemoreceptors |
| Chemoreceptors are associated with which senses? | taste and smell |
| Where other than for taste and smell would you find chemoreceptors? | internal organs |
| chemoreceptors in the internal organs detect what kinds of changes? | blood concentrations of oxygen hydrogen ions glucose etc |
| Pain receptors are also referred to as what? | nocireceptors |
| What types of stimuli trigger pain receptors? | tissue damage excess mechanical stress electrical, thermal or chemical energy |
| Which receptors detect temperature changes? | thermoreceptors |
| There are several types of this receptor which responds to mechanical forces by detecting changes that deform the receptors. | mechanoreceptors |
| What mechanoreceptor responds to changes in the tensions of muscles and tendons? | proprioceptors |
| What mechanoreceptor responds to changes in blood pressure in certain vessels? | baroreceptors |
| What mechanoreceptor in the lungs responds to degree of inflation? | stretch receptors |
| What type of receptors respond to light energy? | photoreceptors |
| Local stimulation of sensory receptors changes the cells' membrane potentials generating a graded electric current that reflects what? | intensity of stimulation |
| What happens if the receptor is a neuron and the change in membrane potential reaches threshold? | generates action potential |
| If the sensory receptor is not a neuron then its receptor potential must be transferred to a what to trigger an action potential? | neuron |
| When a sensory neuron reaches threshold causing an action potential which makes the brain aware of the sensory event what do we feel? | sensation |
| What occurs when the brain interprets sensory impulses? | perception |
| What is one type of receptor that does not trigger a sensation? | receptors which measure oxygen levels in the blood |
| What happens at the same time a sensation forms? | cerebral cortex interprets it as coming from particular receptors |
| When the cerebral cortex interprets where a sensation is coming from what is this called? | projection |
| What is the significance of projection? | it's how we know what senses what |
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Goldbellie
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