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ANSC311Midterm1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mean | Expected or average value |
| Correlation | A measure of the strength of the relationship between 2 variables |
| Variance | |
| Regression | The expected average change in 1 variable per unit change in another |
| Standard Deviation | Measures the spread/distribution around the mean |
| Standard Error | |
| Chromosome | Long strand of DNA in the nucleus of the cell; 2 copies of each one from each parent |
| Homozygote | When an individual possesses 2 identical copies of an allele (XX or xx) |
| Dominant | The result of interaction between the two alleles at the locus |
| No Dominance | |
| Gene | |
| Heterozygote | When an individual possesses both forms of an allele (Xx) |
| Recessive | |
| Partial Dominance | Blending of both forms of the allele; heterozygotes are easily detectable |
| Allele | Specific form of a gene |
| Phenotype | The physical expression of the genotype of an individual organism |
| Epistasis | The interaction among alleles at different loci |
| Complete Dominance | An allele that determines the phenotype in both a heterozygous and homozygous individual; heterozygotes are hard to detect |
| Locus (Loci) | Location on the chromosome |
| Genotype | The sequence of alleles in an organism that determines it's traits |
| What are transmittable genetic effects? | Single allele effects are additive Dominance and Epistasis |
| How does changing gene frequency affect mean performance? | |
| Why are some traits heritable and inherited? | These traits are under genetic control AND have the potential to change the population |
| Why are some traits only inherited? | These traits are under genetic control |
| How does selection pressure affect change in gene frequency? | |
| How does selection pressure relate to fitness? | |
| Quantitative traits | Must be defined numerically to be accurately described; continuous variation |
| Qualitative traits | Do not need a numeric definition to accurately describe the trait; categorical |
| Breeding Value | The value of the alleles the animal transmits to its progeny; the average effect of the genotype of the animal on the performance of its progeny |
| Accuracy | Correlation between the estimate of the genotype and the true genotype |
| How to determine if something is of genetic origin | 1. Prior knowledge about it 2. Family tendencies 3. Looking at housing and management |
| Permanent environmental effects | |
| Temporary environmental effects | |
| What should you ask about a performance records' origin? | |
| Why are geneticists interested in environmental effects? | |
| Additive adjustment factors | |
| Multiplicative adjustment factors | |
| Conditions for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium | 1. Random mating 2. Large population 3. Equal genetic fitness 4. Equal fertility 5. Equal genetic frequency |
| Ways to change gene frequency | Random drift, Mutation, Migration, Selection |
Created by:
Katoatoato
Popular Genetics sets