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NAVIGATION EXAM PPL
EU NAVIGATION
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1 NM in KM | 1,852 KM |
1 KM in NM | 0,54 NM |
1 NM in STM | 1,15 ST M |
1 NM in FT | 6080 FT |
1 KM in FT | 3281 FT |
1 FT in M | 0.3048 M |
1 FT in INCH | 12 INCH |
1 INCH in cm | 25,4. mm |
1 LTR in US G | 0,264 USG |
1 LTR in Imp GAL | 0,22 Imp GAL |
1 USG in Lt | 3,785 LTR |
1 Imp GAL in lt | 4,55 LTR |
SMALL CIRCLE is ... | not pass through center of earth |
GREAT circle | shorten on real earth |
Rhumb line and mercator projection | shorten then great circle |
isogonal | Variation line |
VHF error | propagation and site effect |
Prime meridian | 0 - greenwich |
DME - position | Position on circular range |
63 MHZ | DME transmitter. An important requirement is a frequency separation of 63 MHz between the interrogation and the reply frequency. |
VOR radial | MAGNETIC BEARING OUTBOND FROM STATION VOR QDR |
Principal advantage of the VOR include: | -REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY to electrical and atmosphere interference -the ELIMINATION of NIGHT EFFECT -ORIENTATION and position fixing -TRACKING TO or FROM VOR gr station -HOLDING - for delaying or manobv -IFR approach |
NDB signal band | LF/MF |
VOR band | VHF 108.00-117.95 |
How VOR works | REFERENCE phase (omni) VARIABLE PHASE (rotate uni 1800 rpm with phase var through 360) |
VOR range | in NM. = SQ root of (1,5 X alt in FT) |
VOR range in line-of-sight | 60nm/50000ft Delting VOR |
VOR QDR 090 - ?? QDM | QDM 270 |
1 dot deviation of CDI equal to... | 2 degree full 5 = 10 degree |
DME abbreviation | DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT |
CIRCULAR POSITION LINES | PROVIDED BY DME |
DME PRINCIPLE | SECONDARY RADAR |
PRIMARY RADAR DETECT .... | ONE OF ITS OWN TRANSMISSION reflected from some obj |
SECONDARY RADAR DETECT.... | RESPONDING TRANSMISSION from TRANSPONDER activated by an INTERROGATION SIGNAL |
SQUAWK CODE displayed at radar operator at,... | SAME AS PRIMARY |
DME freq ... | UHF 962 MHZ - 1213 MHZ. 1 mhz spacing 126 channel |
NDB abbreviation | NON DIRECTIONAL BEACON LF/MF 200khz - 1750 khz |
NDB FREQ | LF-MF 200-1750 kHz |
NBB/ADF use as... | RADIO COMPASS |
surface WAVE | NDB- ADF |
DME frequencies are spaced in 1 MHz increments throughout the 962 to 1213 MHz band. | Interrogation frequencies are contained within the band 1025 to 1150 MHz, and reply frequencies from the beacon are on paired channels located either 63 MHz below or above the corresponding interrogation frequency. |
flying away from NDB | any direction in 360 point arrow end |
Coastal wave affect | NDB not VOR |