click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
IMC512 Renal
Flashcards 7: Acid-Base Balance
Question | Answer | Additional Information |
---|---|---|
What are the three important blood buffers? | Bicarbonate, Phosphate, Protein | Bicarbonate is the most important |
What is the effect of a rise in plasma CO2 on plasma pH? | Acidifies (falls) | |
What is the most physiologically important urinary buffer that is filtered from plasma? | Phosphate | |
In metabolic acidosis, what does an increased plasma anion gap tell you about the cause of disease? | The unusual abundance of a non-HCO3, non-Cl ion such as lactate. | |
What direction of change of HCO3 would be an appropriate metabolic compensation to respiratory acidosis? | Increase | In RAc, CO2 is increased. Compensations aim to preserve the HCO3/CO2 ratio (and thus normalize pH per the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation) |
Which type of renal tubular acidosis (1, 2, 4) is associated with hyperkalemia? | Type 4. | Type 4 is a hypoaldosteronism that discourages H+ and K+ secretion. |
Mutations in the sodium bicarbonate transporter NBCe1 cause which type pf RTA (1, 2, 4)? | Type 2. | Bicarbonate cannot be reabsorbed by the proximal tubule and is wasted in the urine. |
When the proximal tubule generates new HCO3, what happens to the H+ that are generated? | Secreted as H+ (buffered by phosphate) or as NH4+ |