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PPL METEOROLOGY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CAVOK | 10 KM VISIBILITY NO CLOUD below ABOVE AE aal 5000 FT NO SIGN WEATHER COND |
| TEMPO | TEMPORARY CHANGE OF WEATHER - LESS THAN 60 MIN DURATION |
| BECMG | BECOMING - PERMANENT CHANGE |
| PROB | PROBABILITY 40 % |
| CLOUD TYPE CI | CIRRUS |
| CC | CIRROCUMULUS |
| CS | CIRROSTRATUS |
| AC | ALTOCUMULUS |
| AS | ALTOSTRATUS |
| NS | NIMBOSTRATUS |
| SC | STRATOCUMULUS |
| ST | STRATUS |
| CU | CUMULUS |
| CB | CUMULONIMBUS |
| LYR | LAYERED INSTEAD OF CLOUD TYPE |
| CLIMATE ZONE | Equatorial Arid Mediterranean Snow Polar Temperate |
| SUBDIVISION OF THE ATMOSPHERE | TROPOSPHERE STRATOSPHERE MESOSPHERE THERMOSPHERE |
| TROPOPAUSE START AT | POLES - 20000 ft ISA - 30000 ft THERMAL EQUATOR - 60000 FT |
| ISA condition | Sea Level Pressure - 1013.2hPa Density 1225 gm/cubic m Temp +15 SL |
| ISA drops P T | 1hpa - 30 ft 2 C - 1000 FT |
| half pressure from SL | at 18000 FT - half SL pressure |
| LIFT FORCE | Support the ac weight by air flow around the wings GREATER density - lower IAS to create LIFT |
| THRUST FORCE/ENGINE POWER | great air density require great engine power |
| DRAG | Resistive force created by air as AC moves through it. Great air density - increase air resistance |
| Regional Pressure Setting QNH = | lowest pressure |
| Solar radiation wave = | Short wave |
| Earth heat radiation | Long wave lower energy |
| CONVECTION | VERTICAL BODY IN MOTION CARRIES ITS HEAT ENERGY WITH IT RISE |
| ADVECTION | HORIZONTAL AIR MOVES IN TO REPLACE AIR THAT HAS RISEN BY CONVECTION |
| DALR | Dry adiabatic lapse rate 3 C at 1000 ft |
| SALR | Saturated adiabatic lapse rate 1.5 C at 1000 ft |
| ELR < SALR and DALR | STABLE air return back after displacement CLEAR SKY FOG STRATUS MOUNTAIN WAVES |
| ELR > SALR and DALR | UNSATBLE air has tendency to rise CU CB |
| SALR<ELR<DALR | CONDITIONAL INSTABILITY DRY UNSATURATED IS STABLE MOIST SATURATED AIR IS UNSTABLE |
| TEMPERATURE INVERSION | LOW WIND CONDITION - Clear sky nights from 20 feet to hundreds feet |
| DIURINAL VARIATION OF TEMPERATURE | continual heating and cooling on a daily basis |
| SEASONAL VARIATION | 21 JUNE -21 DECEMBER 21 MARCH - 22 SEPTEMBER |
| GENERAL CIRCULATION | POLAR CELL MID latitude CELL - FERREL CELL tropical CELL - Hadley CEll |
| EQUATORIAL TROUGH | CONVERGENCE |
| FARENHEIT | 9/5 (C) +32 |
| CElcius | 5/9 (F-32) |
| TRENDs or Landing Forecast APEAR | METAR |
| WHERE WINDSHEAR APEAR | TEMP INVERTION AND TS |
| FROST APEAR WHEN | TEMP LOW AND SMAL DROP FALL |
| MOUNTAIN TURBULENCE | >40 KN ACCROS RIDGE STABLE AIR |
| TS DANGER | SQUALL LINE |
| ICING MOST PROBABLE | ADVECTION FOG |
| FRONT MOST PARRAMETER CHANGE | TEMPERATURE |
| COLD FRONT DESCR Passage | DEEW FALL TEMP FALL WIND VEER |
| ATIS | Auto Terminal Inform Service |
| VOLMET | Many ae in area |
| From HIGH TO LOW | Look below |
| From Low to HIGH | Look at the sky |
| RH= | RH=Vapour Pressure/Saturation Vapour pressure % |
| Saturation vapour pressure is proportional to | temperature |
| Relative humidity rise with | temperature drops |
| advection fog | warm and moist air passing over a cold surface and heat transfer cause it to cool below dew point |
| radiation fog | cloudless night and moist air - LIGHT winds 2-8 kn |
| frontal fog | 2 air mass interaction overhill(hill fog) evaporation of rain |
| orographic fog | moist air forced rise over a hill - hill fog or stratus |
| steaming fog | very cold air moves over warm water |
| divergence subsiding air | stable |
| convergence rising air | unstable |
| sense shaped cloud at top mountain Triodes -expect downwind side | turbulent descent downwind |
| relative humidity is ratio | water weapon to could hold at this P and T |
| Rate of Pressure fall higher in | Cold temp |
| warm front cloud | ci cs as ns st |
Created by:
selik
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