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Neurogenic Comm Dis
Test 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Right Hemisphere Deficits | - inferences - abstract & concrete words - story arrangement - comp. of spoken narratives - pragmatics |
| Verbosity | can't read a room and talks too much |
| Pragmatic Deficits RHD | - reduced eye contact - poor turn taking - decreased convo initiation |
| Semantic Processing Deficits RHD | - lack of understanding metaphorical meanings |
| Aprosodia | reduction or absence of normal pitch, loudness, intonation and rhythm |
| Flat Affect | severely reduced emotional expression |
| Cognitive Linguistic Deficits | - problem solving - reasoning - judgement - sequencing |
| Neglect | failure to report, respond, or orient to stimuli to the side opposite of the brain injury |
| Constructional Impairment | attention, perception, and neglect - difficulty copying designs or reproducing figures |
| Anosognosia | real or feigned inability to perceive a deficit |
| Prosopagnosia | inability to recognize faces including their own |
| Coprolalia | involuntary obscenities |
| Emotional Liability | rapid exaggerated mood changes - caused by damage between brainstem and frontal lobe |
| R Parietal Lesion (Neglect) | - perceptual aspects of scanning and attention - reading difficulties |
| R Frontal Lobe Lesion (Neglect) | - motor aspects or visual scanning - visual orientation - spatial issues |
| R Thalamic Lesion (Neglect) | - difficulty engaging attention toward stimuli - selective attention deficits |
| R Basal Ganglia Lesion (Neglect) | - extinction - visual scanning issues |
| Hemianopia | - visual field cut - most common on contralateral side to lesion |
| Operations of Attention | - arousal - orientation - vigilance - maintaining selective/divided attention |
| Convergent Semantic Processing | - auditory comp - word retrieval |
| Divergent Semantic Processing | - collective naming - lexical judgements - verbal fluency - inferences - alternative meanings - excessive/reduced output |
| RHD Prognosis Influences | - age - time of entering therapy - damage - family and support - attitude/motivation - physical condition and overall health |
| Task Orientated Treatment Approaches | - teaches a specific task for immediate functional gain - immediate needs of pt addressed - targets symptoms |
| Process Orientated Treatment Approaches | - uses intact processes to compensate for deficits - stimulates recovery of impaired processes - no immediate affects - causes are addressed over symptoms |
| Compensatory Strategies | - tries to generalize skills - targets underlying processes |
| Facilitation Techniques | - recovery of the process - manipulates the stimulus to enable patients to make a maximal response - minimal error rate - provide immediate feedback - elicit responses but do not force them |
| Compensatory Prosody | - ask CP or pt to explicitly state emotions or feelings |
| Compensatory Attention | - writing down distractions - minimize environmental factors |
| Compensatory Memory | - lists - note-taking - calendars - photos - internal strategies - journals |
| Compensatory Reasoning/Problem Solving | - brainstorming webs - devices to stay on task - environmental modifications |
| Causes of TBI | - MVC - gunshot wounds - sports injuries - injuries at workplace - abuse - seizures - lack of oxygen - poisoning - strokes/blood clots |
| Primary Damage of TBI | - initial impact |
| Secondary Damage of TBI | - infection - hypoxia - infarction - intracranial pressure increase |
| Open-Head Injury | - meninges are torn or lacerated |
| Closed-Head Injury | - meninges are intact |
| Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) | - shearing forces - very severe |
| Symptoms/Deficits of TBI | - dysphagia - language - motor speech - sensory - perceptual - voice - cognition |
| Tracking RHD Progress | - NOMS - Rancho Los Amigos Scale |
| The Brief Test of Head Injury assess... | - orientation - attention - aud comp - linguistic organization - reading comp - naming - memory - visuospatial skills |
| The Scales of Cognitive Ability for TBI assess... | - perception - discrimination - orientation - organization - recall - reasoning |
| Focused Attention | - one specific stimuli |
| Sustained Attention | - consistent attention during continuous/repetitive tasks |
| Selective Attention | - distracting/competing stimulus |
| Alternating Attention | - flexibility to shift from one stimuli to another |
| Divided Attention | - ability to respond simultaneously to a task or multiple task demands |
| Pre-Traumatic Amnesia | - retrieval proceses |
| Post-Traumatic Amnesia | - storage of memories |
| Goal of RHD Intervention | - achieve the highest level of independent functioning - capitalize on strengths to address weaknesses - facilitate activities to acquire new skills and strategies - modify environment and contextual factors |
| Cog Rehab Models | 1. direct instruction (emphasized specific skills) 2. strategy based (self monitoring) 3. combined model (reinforcement and modelling) |
| Instructional Model | - errorless learning - breaks into small tasks - model and discourage guessing - correct the pt's errors examples: massed drills, spaced retrieval, and chaining |
| Tx of Severe Impairments | 1. present stimulus to engage attention and tracking 2. orientation overload 3. multi-sensory stimuli 4. oral stim |
| Tx of Moderate Impairments: Perception | - large print - pointing or requesting - selecting appropriately - requesting - copying - following simple commands - object naming |
| Tx of Moderate Impairments: Organization | - categorizing - grouping - meaningful units - semantic use - conversations - stories - sequencing - pronouns |
| Tx of Moderate Impairments: Discrimination | - increased complexity - stimulus size and language |
| Tx of Moderate Impairments: Recall/Memory | - strategies - internal and external aids |
| Tx of Moderate Impairments: Reasoning/Problem Solving | - concrete to abstract - mathematics - analogies |
| Tx of Mild-Late Stage: Executive Functioning | - break down complex tasks - written instructions and schedules - establish consistent routines - train CP - keep possessions in consistent places - organize work space - set time limits - check off lists - alarms - daily log, sticky notes |
| Tx of Mild-Late Stage: Lang. & Discourse Problems | - scripts - note taking - watch others for feedback - practice telling stories - rehearsal - alert others to shifting topic - watch others' facial expressions |
| Tx of Mild-Late Stage: Attention Deficits | - reduce distractions - avoid interruptions - get enough sleep/exercise - avoid crowds - watch for fatigue - ask for help |
| Confabulation | the production or creation of false or erroneous memories without the intent to deceive |
| Concussion Management | 1. return to work/play plans 2. treat lingering symptoms 3. enlist appropriate professionals 4. make accommodations 5. outpatient therapy |
| Frontal Lobe RHD | - attention - impulsivity - working memory - limbic emotions (fight or flight) - emotions |
| Parietal Lobe RHD | - prosody - behavioural changes - left neglect - memory connections - semantics and groupings - construction |
| Occipital Lobe RHD | - vision cuts - prosopagnosia |
| Temporal Lobe RHD | - processing others emotions - rhythm and music - long term memory - prosody and intonation |
Created by:
KarleeAJones
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