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Week 14

TermDefinition
Accessory organs assisting in the process of digestion Salivary glands, teeth, pancreas, liver, gallbladder.
Propulsion Movement of food along the digestive tract.
Bronchial tree 1. Primary bronchi: right & left branch from trachea. 2. Secondary bronchi: one per lobe. 3. Tertiary bronchi: one per bronchopulmonary segment. 4. Bronchioles: smooth muscle, no cartilage. 5. Terminal bronchioles: non-ciliated simple cuboidal.
Functions of the lymphatic system 1. Maintains blood volume by transporting leaked fluids back to the blood. 2. Provides a defense system against disease. 3. Transports digested lipids from lacteals in the small intestines.
Thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) 1. Increases cell metabolism. 2. Important in normal tissue growth. 3. Produced by follicular cells.
Calcitonin 1. Decreases blood calcium levels. 2. Stimulates osteoblasts, inhibits osteoclasts. 3. Produced by C cells (parafollicular cells).
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1. Secreted by chief cells (principal cells). 2. Increases blood calcium levels. 3. Stimulates osteoclasts, absorption of calcium in digestive tract, reabsorption in the kidneys.
Pancreas 1. Alpha cells: produce GLUCAGON which triggers the breakdown of glycogen in the liver, thus increases blood glucose levels. 2. Beta cells: produce INSULIN which increases the uptake of glucose into the cells, thus decreases blood glucose levels.
Anastomosis Two or more blood vessels join and supply the same body region.
Liver 1. Stores excess nutrients and releases them when needed. 2. Produces bile to aid in the digestion of fats. 3. Detoxifies drugs and metabolites. 4. Produces plasma proteins.
Created by: stefwong
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