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Kim Ferguson
Physiology Week 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following phases is NOT correctly matched with its description? | anaphase – mitosis is complete |
| Water pressure that develops in a solution as a result of osmosis into that solution is called _____ pressure. | osmotic |
| In the electron transport system, the final electron acceptor is | oxygen. |
| Meiotic division occurs in | primitive sex cells. |
| Meiosis is called “reduction division” because | the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. |
| Normal mitosis results in | cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. |
| The component that distinguishes one nucleotide from another is the | nitrogen base. |
| In the DNA molecule, a sequence of three base pairs forms a(n) | codon. |
| The result of meiosis is | four daughter cells that are haploid. |
| If oxygen is available, the pyruvate molecules formed by glycolysis are prepared to enter the next phase of aerobic cellular respiration, called the | citric acid cycle. |
| If red blood cells containing 10% solute are placed in a solution containing 10% solute, what will happen? | Water will move into and out of the cells at equal rates. |
| The total number of 46 chromosomes per cell is referred to as _________ number. | diploid |
| The two processes of protein synthesis are | transcription and translation. |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of meiosis? | two haploid gametes |
| Which of the following is an active transport process? | endocytosis |
| RNA makes proteins by | translation. |
| Red blood cells are placed in an unknown solution. After 45 minutes, the cells are examined and determined to have decreased in size. The unknown solution is | hypertonic. |
| Facilitated diffusion is not an active transport process because it | does not depend on cell energy. |
| Mitosis is subdivided into four phases, including all of the following except | karyophase. |
| Proteins that act as catalysts are called | enzymes. |
| Transcription can best be described as the | synthesis of mRNA. |
| Diffusion moves | down a concentration gradient. |
| A molecule or other agent that alters enzyme function by changing its shape is called a(n) | allosteric effector. |
| The cell process in which microorganisms or other large particles are engulfed is called | phagocytosis. |
| Diffusion can be defined as | the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. |
| Glycolysis occurs in what part of the cell? | cytoplasm |
| Osmosis can be defined as | the net movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. |
| In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes move to the opposite ends of the cells along the spindle fibers? | anaphase |
| A chemical that reduces the amount of activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction is a(n) | catalyst. |
| Replication of DNA occurs in which phase of interphase? | S phase |
| NaCl would move through the cell membrane in which direction? | Both into and out of the cell |
| Diffusion of particles through a membrane by means of a carrier molecule is called: | facilitated diffusion. |
| Which of the following terms is synonymous with tumor? | Neoplasm |
| The correct order of the phases of mitosis is: | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. |
| The pairing of bases of a strand of DNA is obligatory. If a strand of DNA were composed of the base sequence of ATCG, what would be the obligatory sequence of its opposing base pairs? | TAGC |
| Which is not true about the sodium and potassium pump? | Sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell. |
| Diffusion requires: | a concentration gradient. |
| A sequence of three bases forms a(n): | codon. |
| If a sequence of nitrogen bases in nucleic acid were A-U-C-G-A, which of the following would be true about the nucleic acid? | It contains ribose sugar. |
| A DNA molecule is characterized by all of the following except: | ribose sugar. |
| The small water channels in the cell membrane are called: | aquaporins. |
| Extensive weight training causes the muscle cells to: | hypertrophy. |
| A membrane carrier structure attracts a solute to a binding site, changes shape, and releases the solute on the other side of the cell membrane. This describes the process of: | carrier-mediated transport. |
| All of the following are examples of passive transport except: | endocytosis. |
| Which is true about the sodium and potassium pump? | Three sodium ions are taken out of the cell. |
| The physical process by which water and solute move through a membrane when a hydrostatic pressure gradient exists across the membrane is the process of: | filtration. |
| During which stage of mitosis do the centrioles move to the opposite poles of the cell? | Prophase |
| All of the following occur as a result of meiosis except: | chromosome number remains at 46. |
| Which of the following statements is true? | The site of transcription is within the nucleus, whereas the site of translation is in the cytoplasm. |
| When the chromosomes align themselves across the equator of the spindle fibers, it is characteristic of which phase of mitosis? | Metaphase |
| Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be: | an even exchange of material across the membrane. |
| Materials can be moved from a low concentration to a high concentration through: | active transport. |
| Twenty-three chromosomes per cell in humans is referred to as: | haploid. |
| Water will move through the cell membrane by: | osmosis. |
| An individual’s entire set of DNA can be referred to as a: | genome. |
| Which of the following is not true of RNA? | It contains deoxyribose sugar. |
| A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be: | hypertonic. |
| Phagocytosis is an example of: | endocytosis. |
| Transcription can be best described as the: | Transcription can be best described as the: |
| Which of the following is not true of diffusion? | Uses cellular energy |
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