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4.01A
key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Accountant | An individual who has had specialized training in accounting procedures |
| Accounting | The process of keeping financial records |
| Accounting cycle | A process of series of steps that businesses complete to maintain their financial records effectively |
| Accounting standards | Rules that accountants must follow when preparing financial statements |
| administration of assets | Finance activity involving making decisions about a firm's investment |
| Assets | Anything of value that a business owns |
| Balance sheet | A financial statement that captures the financial condition of the business at that particular moment |
| Capital investment decisions | Decisions that determine which projects a business will invest in, how the investment(s) will be financed, and whether to pay dividends to shareholders |
| Cash flow statement | A financial summary with estimates as to when, where, and how much money will flow into and out of a business |
| Dividends | A sum of money paid to an investor or stockholder as earnings on an investment |
| Expenses | The monies that a business spends; also called expenditures |
| Finance | In business, the function that involves all money and money management matter |
| Financial statement | A summary of accounting information |
| Income | Money received by a business or an individual from outside resources |
| income statement | A financial summary that shows how much money the business has made or has lost; also called the profit-and-loss statement |
| Liabilities | Debts that the business owes |
| Net worth | The total value of the business |
| Owner's equity | The amount an owner has invested in the business plus or minus profits and losses |
| Acquisition of funds | Finance activity involving making decisions about financing |