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Biochemistry

A&P

QuestionAnswer
What are inorganic molecules? they are small and do not contain carbon. many have ionic bonds
What are the inorganic molecules? water, salts, acids, bases
What are characteristics of water? high heat capacity, great solvent, good cushion
What are characteristics of salts? form electrolytes in water, conducts a current
What are characteristics of acids? releases hydrogen ions (H+), pH less than 7
What are characteristics of bases? release hydroxyl ions (OH-), pH greater than 7
What are organic molecules? large molecules, contain carbon, covalent bonds
What are the organic molecules? proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
What are lipids primary elements? carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What are the primary elements of carbohydrates? carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What is the basic building block of carbohydrates? monosaccharides
What are carbohydrates function? provide an immediate energy source - glycogen
What is the basic building block of lipids? fat(triglyceride)
What are the functions of lipids? fats - energy storage phospholipids - component of cell membranes steroids - sex hormones, bile salts, cholesteral vitamins - Vit E, K, D, A prostaglandins - causes pain and stimulates nerve endings formed from fat
What are the primary elements of proteins? carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen sometimes sulfur and phosphorus
What is the basic building block of proteins? amino acids
What are the functions of proteins? structural - keratin, collagen (fibrous) regulatory - hormones (globular) contractile - myosin and actin (fibrous) immunological - antibodies (globular) transport - hemoglobin (globular) catalyst - enzymes (globular)
What are the primary elements of nucleic acids? carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus
What is the basic building block of nucleic acids? nucleotides
What are the functions of nucleic acids? DNA, RNA
Where does transcription take place? the nucleus
What happens during transription? the code for DNA is passed to mRNA
Where does translation take place? the cytoplasm
What happens during translation? mRNA travels to the cytoplasm and finds a ribosome. tRNA brings amino acids and reads the strand and the two sequences are joined together.
What is a gene? pieces of DNA that contain information for a specific protein
Created by: 1969391956599541
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