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The Cell
A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the cell membrane? | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell |
| What does selective permeability mean? | allows some molecules through while blocking others |
| What is a phospholipid bilayer made from? | two layers of phospholipids with a hydrophobic interior and a hydrophilic exterior |
| What is a phospholipid? | it has a phosphate head hat is hydrophilic and a fatty acid tail that is hydrophobic |
| What is an integral protein? | it is within the phospholipid bilayer and has a hole that can open and close, allowing specific proteins through |
| What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane? | maintains the structural integrity and regulating the fluidity of cell membranes |
| What makes selective permeability passive? | it has no energy |
| What makes selective permeability active? | it has ATP |
| What is diffusion? | the movement of particles from high to low concentration |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | the movement of particles from high to low concentration with the assistance from receptors |
| What is osmosis? | movement of water from an area of high to low concentration |
| What is filtration? | the movement of particles across the cell membrane due to pressure |
| What is active transport? | the movement of particles from low to high concentration |
| What is exocytosis? | taking things out of the cell |
| What is endocytosis? | bringing something into the cell |
| What is phagocytosis? | cell eating, pulls in solid particles |
| What is pinocytosis? | cell drinking, creates a wave to pull in particles |
| What is the cytosol? | fluid within the cell membrane |
| What does cytosol contain? | electrolytes, sugars, and amino acids |
| What is the exoskeleton? | protein mesh within the cytoplasm that give the cell its shape |
| What is the mitochondria and what does it do? | it is the powerhouse of the cell, it contains DNA and has a double membrane. it is capable of division |
| What are the ribosomes? | they are the site of protein synthesis |
| What forms do ribosomes come in? | free and fixed forms |
| Where is the fixed form of a ribosome attached to? | the endoplasmic reticulum |
| What is the endoplasmic reticulum? | the highway of the cell |
| What is he difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum? | the rough ER has ribosomes on the surface while the smooth ER does not |
| What is the golgi? | the packing house of the cell |
| What is the lysosome? | it contains hydrolytic enzymes and is produced by the golgi |
| What is the nucleus? | the cell control center |
| What does the nucleus contain? | DNA - the blueprints for proteins |
| What is the cell membrane of the nucleus called? | nucleoplasm |
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