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Biology EOC Review
Review of EOC vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The molecule that stores genetic information within a cells nucleus | DNA |
| The organelle that converts glucose sugar into ATP energy for the cell | Mitochondria |
| The organelle found only in plants that converts sunlight, water and oxygen into glucose | chloroplast |
| the part of a cell that surround and holds in all the contents of the cell. Made of a selectively permeable membrane | cell membrane |
| a part of a plant cell that surrounds the cell and provides rigid support and structure | cell wall |
| site of protein synthesis | ribosome |
| the energy molecule of a cell | ATP |
| the fluid that surrounds the organelles inside of the cell | cytoplasm |
| The organelle that contains the genetic information for a cell | Nucleus |
| A location for storage in a cell. Plants are very large and central, animals a many and small | vacuole |
| contains digestive enzymes for breaking down waste materials in a cell | lysosome |
| the movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration | diffusion |
| the movement of molecules from a high concentraion to a low concentration through a specialized channel protein | facilitated diffusion |
| a membrane that allows some things to pass through and other things not is refered to as | selectively permeable |
| the movement of water from high concentrations to low concentrations | osmosis |
| the movement of molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration; requires energy | active transport |
| the pressure exerted by a large central vacuole in plants | turgor pressure |
| the type of material that makes up the cell membrane | phospholipid bilayer |
| a charged molecule that cannot pass easily through a membrane | ion |
| process in cells that takes place in the mitochondria and requires glucose and oxygen | cellular respiration |
| process in cells that takes place in the chloroplast and requires water, carbon dioxide and light | photosynthesis |
| sugar involved in cellular respiration and photosynthesis | glucose |
| the pigment in plants that allows for photosynthesis | chlorophyll |
| the process in which DNA sequences are copied to mRNA sequences | Transcription |
| The process when mRNA sequence is copied into an amino acid sequence (protein) | Translation |
| The term for the DNA subunit made up of a sugar molecule, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base | nucleotide |
| an amino acid sequence | protein |
| the monomers or building blocks of proteins | amino acids |
| the sequence of three base pairs in a mRNA sequence | codon |
| the sequence of three base pairs in a tRNA sequence | anticodon |
| having two copies of each chromosome | diploid |
| having one copy of each chromosome | haploid |
| mitosis begins with one ____________ and creates two daughter cells | parent cell |
| when DNA packs together tightly for cell division the unit is called a | chromosome |
| the process the begins with one cell and produces two identical diploid daughter cells | mitosis |
| the process that begins with one parent cell and produces four haploid cells | meiosis |
| haploid sex cells such as sperm or egg | gamete |
| the process when two haploid gametes combine to form a diploid cell | fertilization |
| reproductive process that requires no mate and each offspring is identical to parent | asexual reproduction |
| reproductive process that requires a mate and each offspring is different than parents | sexual reproduction |
| combination of all the biotic and abiotic factors | ecosystem |
| a group of organisms of the same species | population |
| relationship where both organisms benefit | mutualism |
| relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited | commensalism |
| relationship where organism benefits while the other is harmed | parasitism |
| an organism that can create its own energy | producer |
| an organism that must eat to survive | consumer |
| a nonliving factor in an environment | abiotic |
| a living factor in an environment | biotic |
| the variable that is changed/manipulated by the experiementer | independent variable |
| the variable that changes in result of the experiment | dependent variable |
| another term for a predection in an experiment | hypothesis |
| the group you keep "normal" to compare to | control group |
| a type of graph with continuous data sets as the dependent variable | line graph |
| a type of graph with discontinuous data sets as the dependent variable | bar graph |
Created by:
mhermanson
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