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Lang and Lit
Literary Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Understatement | A statement that is restrained in ironic contrast to what might have been said. |
| Figurative language | Language that communicates ideas beyond the ordinary or literal meaning of the words. |
| Literal language | A fact or idea stated directly. |
| Connotation | The attitudes and feelings associated with a word. Negative or positive. |
| Metaphor | A figure of speech that states or suggests that one thing is the same as another. Direct or indirect. |
| Image/Imagery | Words and phrases that create vivid sensory experiences for the reader. |
| Juxtaposition | A placing in nearness or contiguity, or side by side, often done in order to compare/contrast phrases, or ideas. |
| Paradox | A statement that seems self-contradictory, but in reality expresses a possible truth. |
| Satire | A literary work in which human vice or folly is attacked through irony, derision, or wit. |
| Parody | Where one imitates or mocks another work or type of literature. |
| Caricature | A representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect. |
| Sarcasm | A kind of verbal irony, specifically intended to convey insults or scorn. |
| Denotation | The literal or dictionary definition of a word. |
| Direct Presentation | A method of presentation in which the writer explicitly describes a character, situation, or event. |
| Indirect Presentation | The writer presents the character in action, allowing the reader to draw his or her own conclusions about the personality of that character. |
| Audience | The author's reading public; individuals to which one's work is being directed. |
| Register | The level of formality in language as determined by context. Formal and Informal. |
| Motif | The recurrence of either an image, word, or idea in a text. |
| Theme | The implied or stated meaning of the work, stated in a complete sentence. |
| Mood | The predominant emotional characteristic of a work of literature, as experienced by the audience. |
| Tone | The attitude of an author/speaker towards his or her subject matter and office. |
| Description | Language that aims to make vivid a place, object, character, mental/physical sensation, or group. |
| Extended metaphor | A metaphor that is continued over multiple sentences, sections, or throughout a whole text. |
| Simile | A comparison of two unlike things in which a word of comparison (often like or as) is used. |
| Personification | A form of metaphor in which language relating to human action is used to refer to non-human agents or objects,. |
| Irony | An implied discrepancy/difference between what is said and what is meant. Verbal, dramatic and situational. |
| Symbol | Something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible. |
| Dialogue | Conversation between two or more people that advances the action, is consistent with the character of the speakers, and gives relief from passages essentially descriptive or expository. |
| Hyperbole | An intentional exaggeration for emphasis or comic effect. |
| Allusion | An implied or indirect reference in a text, especially to a well-known story, character, or event. |
| Contrast | Actively pointing out differences. Include juxtaposition and oxymoron. |
| Oxymoron | A figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction. |
| Foreshadowing | A writer's use of hints or clues to indicate events that will occur later in a story. |
| Flashback | A scene in a story or novel that returns the reader to a time earlier than the main action. |
| Cliché | An overused statement that has lost the strength of its meaning |
| Apostrophe | An address to an absent or imaginary person who cannot respond to the speaker. |
| Repetition | The repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device. |
| Parallelism | The repetition of the same grammatical form/structure in two or more parts of a sentence or a section of a text. |
| Euphemism | An inoffensive or indirect expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive or too harsh. |
| Onomatopoeia | The use of a word whose sound suggests its meaning. |
| Speaker | The persona expressing ideas in a piece of poetry. |
| Stanza | A fixed number of lines of verse forming a unit of a poem. |
| Rhyme | The repetition of terminal (ending) sounds of words. |
| Rhyme Scheme | In poetry, the pattern in which rhyme sounds occur in a stanza. |
| Rhythm | The general flow of words according to their length, sequence, punctuation, or combinations of stressed and unstressed syllables. |
| Meter | The basic rhythmic structure of a line within a work of poetry. Consists of two components: the number of syllables, and a pattern of emphasis on those syllables |
| Blank Verse | Unrhymed lines in the same meter, most commonly in iambic pentameter. |
| Free Verse | Poetry without rhyme or fixed metrical pattern. |
| Iambic Pentameter | A metrical line of five metric feet or units, each made up of an unstressed then a stressed syllable |
| Alliteration | The repetition of initial consonant sounds in words. |
| Assonance | Repetition of vowel sounds to create internal rhyming within phrases or sentences. |
| Consonance | The repetition of consonant sounds, either at the ends of words |
| Sonnet | A verse form consisting of 14 lines in iambic pentameter with a fixed rhyme scheme. |
| Lyric Poetry | A short poem with one speaker which expresses personal thoughts or feelings. |
| Narrative Poetry | A poem that relates an event or a series of events. |
| Epic Poetry | A long narrative that tells of the deeds and adventures of a hero or heroine. |
| Enjambment | The continuation of a sentence or phrase from one line of poetry to the next. |
Created by:
Sarahjnm
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