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Chapter 24
The Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the digestive system do? | Ingests nutrients, breaks down nutrients to building blocks use building blocks to synthesize necessary compounds |
| Anabolism | Using building blocks to synthesize compounds |
| Catabolism | breaking down nutrients to provide energy and building blocks |
| What are the accessory organs of the digestive system | teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, pancreas, and gall bladder |
| Ingestion | food enters oral cavity |
| Mechanical Digestion/Propulsion | crushing/sheering food propelling food along the digestive tract |
| Secretion | release of water, acids, enzymes by epithelia, glands, and gallbladder |
| Absorption is .. | movement of the molecules, vitamins, water across the digestive epithelium into blood |
| the Peritoneum is.. | serous membrane that lines peritoneal cavity composed of 2 parts |
| Visceral Peritoneum .. | inner layer covers organs of peritoneal cavity |
| Parietal Peritoneum .. | outer layer lines inner surfaces of body wall |
| Peritoneal Cavity .. | Space between visceral peritoneum and parietal peritoneum with peritoneal fluid (lubricant) |
| What are the Mesenteries? | Peritoneal membrane sheets that stabilize and support organs of digestive system |
| The mesenteries are .. | innervated vascularized and contain lymphatic vessels |
| The Lesser Omentum | Stabilizes stomach and provides access route for blood vessels to liver |
| Falciform Ligament | stabilizes liver, snugs liver into place |
| Greater Omentum | hangs like apron from stomach stabilizing intestines adipose to cushion, insulate and provide E |
| Mesentery Proper | Thick sheet provides stability and support to the small intestine and pancreas (tough) |
| Mesocolon | Supports / stabilizes large instestine |
| Mucosa | inner lining of epithelium of (digestive and absorption), lamina propria ( connective tissue ) muscularies mucosae ( smooth muscle) |
| what does Submucosa do? | binds mucosa to muscular layer |
| What does submucosa contain? | contains blood and lymphatic vessels and glands (buffers / enzymes) |
| Muscular Layer | smooth muscle (circular/longitudinal ) for mechanical digestion/movement |
| Serosa | serous membrane covering |
| What is the Peristalsis? | wave of muscle contractions that moves food bolus in digestive tract |
| How does the Peristalsis work? | circular muscles behind bolus contract circular/longitudinal muscles ahead of bolus relax longitudinal muscles ahead of bolus contract wave of contractions from circular muscle moves bolus forward |
| The Tongue parts and what it secretes | Contains body with papillae, root at oropharynx, frenulum connects at floor. Secretes lingual lipase that aids in lipid digestion |
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maevedelt
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