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Computer Components

TermDefinition
Hardware The physical parts of the computer and its devices (Motherboard,gpu,cpu,ram)
Software The programs and other operating information used by computers
What is a computer? Input,processing,storage,and output
Peripheral Devices These are additional devices to a computer (Ex Controller)
Motherboard The foundation and circuit board of the computer; it connects all other components in the computer
Central Processing Unit(Cpu) Primary component that processes instructions. Runs the operating software and other applications. Constantly receives user of software input. Advanced CPUs can have more than core to process
Heat sink A piece of metal that sits on top of the CPU. Draws heat from the CPU so it doesn't overheat
Random Access Memory(RAM) The short term memory of the computer. Allows computer to process tasks that need to be completed fast. Allows you to access multiple programs quickly and at once RAM is cleared when computer is shut down. More RAM = more speed
Read Only Memory(ROM) Contains instructions for the computer- Is Permanent- Non-Volatile
Hard drive The long term memory of the computer. Stores all of your files and data,even after computer is shut off. The more bigger the capacity, the more files you can store
Power supply Provides the electricity to all the computer components. connect power from outlet to computer
USB Cables Connects a variety of devices to the computer or to displays (USB type A,type B,type C etc.)
HDMI Cable Connects a variety of devices to computer and monitor
Modem translates incoming analog signals into internet signals for the computer
Router all users to connect multiple devices to the internet and share devices like printers.
VGA Cable connects a monitor to the computer not used as much today
Power Cable Connects the power supply to the wall outlet to bring electricity to the computer.
Keyboard Input device- User inputs information into the computer by allowing information to be into the computer
Mouse Input device- user inputs information into the computer by allowing clicking,dragging, and selecting
Expansion Card a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector,or expansion slot on a computer motherboard,backplane or riser card to add functionality
Operating System The software that helps your apps run (windows 11,ios,android)
Memory memory is a device or system that is used to store information for immediate use
Storage Computer data storage is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data
Ethernet ports An Ethernet port is an opening on computer network equipment that Ethernet cables plug into. Usually found on routers,game consoles,etc.
Monitor an output device that displays information in pictorial or text form.
Input/output devices An input device is something you connect to a computer that sends information into the computer. An output device is something you connect to a computer that has information sent to it.
Software applications An application program is a computer program designed to carry out a specific task other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself
Wi-Fi a facility allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to the internet or communicate with one another wirelessly within a particular area.
IP address a unique string of characters that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.
Binary Language A binary code represents text, computer processor instructions, or any other data using a two-symbol system
Sequence of commands the order that commands are executed by a computer, allows us to carry out tasks that have multiple steps.
Conditional structures A conditional statement tells a program to execute an action depending on whether a condition is true or false.
looping In computer programming, a loop is a sequence of instruction s that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached.
Hex a numbering system with base 16. It can be used to represent large numbers with fewer digits.
Popular Computers sets

 



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