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Heart definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Visceral Pericardium (vp) | Covers surface of heart ( inner) |
| Perietal Pericardium (pp) | Covers surface of pericardial sac (outer) |
| Pericardial Cavity | space between vp and pp contains pericardial fluid (lubricant) |
| Epicardium | (vp) outer layer of heart wall contains mesothelium and connective tissue (aerolar) |
| Myocardium | middle layer of heart wall made of muscle, nerves, and blood vessels |
| Endocardium | inner layer of heart wall and lines inner chamber of heart made up of endothelium and connective tissue |
| Base | superior end of heart |
| Apex | inferior end of heart |
| Auricles | extension of atria |
| Atrioventricular (Coronary) Sulcus | groove between atria and ventricles |
| Interventricular Sulcus | Groove between ventricles ( anterior and posterior) |
| Right Atrium (ra) | receives deO2 blood from systemic circuit via superior/inferior vena cava |
| Tricuspid valve | three cusps, chorda tendinea attach cusps to papillary muscle located in right ventricle |
| Bicuspid valve | two cusps of chorda tendinea attach to papillary muscle, located in the left ventricle |
| Right Ventricle | receives deO2 blood from ra and pumps blood into pulmonary circuit at lower pressure |
| Trabeculae Carneae | (ridges) found in left and right ventricles. Prevent walls from sticking together |
| Left Atrium (la) | receives O2 blood from pulmonary circuit via pulmonary veins |
| Left Ventricle | receives O2 blood from la, pumps blood into systemic circuit at higher pressure (has thicker muscles then rv) |
| Aortic semilunar valve | three cusps and guards aortia |
| Coronary Arteries | supply O2 blood to atria/ ventricles blood eneter by aortic elastic rebound |
| Coronary Veins | drain dO2 from heart (they reside in sulci) |
| Conducting cells | control/ coordinate heartbeat as ap moves through conducting system |
| Contractile Cells | ap produce contractions/propel blood |
| Sinoatrial Node (SA) | has pacemaker cells that establish hr located in upper right atrium |
| Internodal Pathways | connect SA/AV Node pass ap to atrial contractile cells |
| Atrioventricular Node (AV) | ap is delayed -atri contract in floor of right atrium |
| Atrioventricular Bundle | moves ap down intraventricular septum |
| Bundle Branches | moves ap down intraventricular septum ap moves to moderator band |
| purkinje fibers | ap moves across ventricles contraction from apex to base |
| Depolarization | Na+ channel open fast Na+ moves in |
| Plateau | Na+ channels close fast Ca+ channels open slow, Ca+ moves in while Na+ pumped out |
| Repolarization | Ca+ channel close, slow k+ channel open slow, k+ moves out Tp restored, K+ channels close slow |
| Absolute Refractory Period | membrane can't respond to 2d stimulus |
| Relative Refractory Period | membrane can respond to greater then normal 2d stimulus |
| P Wave | corresponds to atrial depolar atria contract after P peak |
| QRS complex | corresponds to ventricular depolar ventricles contract after R peak atrial repol occurs |
| T waves | corresponds to ventricular repolar |
| PR interval | From start of atrial depol. to start of ventricular depol. |
| QT Interval | from start of ventricular depol. to end of ventricual repol. |
| Atrial systole | atria contract and " top off" ventricles with blood. |
| Atrial Diastole | atria relax and remain relaxed for the rest of the cardiac cycle |
Created by:
maevedelt
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