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Orthotics
MODALITIES: Orthotics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many bones are in the hand and wrist? | 27 |
| What are the 3 groups of bones for the hand and wrist? | -Carpals -Metacarpals -Phalanges |
| Which finger does not have a middle phalanx? | Thumb |
| What is a unique joint in the thumb? | CMC |
| Which muscle flexes the digit PIP joints? | FDS |
| Which muscle flexes the digit DIP joint? | FDP |
| Which muscle flexes the thumb IP joint? | FPL |
| Which muscle flexes the thumb MCP joint? | FBP |
| Which 2 muscles extend the IF? | -ED -EDI |
| Which 2 muscles extend the SF? | -ED -EDM |
| What are the bones in the proximal row of the wrist? | -Scaphoid -Lunate -Triquetrum -Pisiform |
| What are the bones in the distal row of the wrist? | -Hamate -Capitate -Trapezoid -Trapezium |
| What bone is located in the anatomical snuffbox? | Scaphoid |
| Most activities are performed in PRO or SUP? | Pronation |
| When position is the forearm in when the ulna and radius are parallel? | Supination |
| What nerve is the primary motor supplier to the extensor and supinator muscles? | Radial n. |
| What nerve is the primary motor supplier for the flexor and pronator muscles? | Median n. |
| What nerve supplies motor most intrinsic muscles and hypothenar muscles of the hand? | Ulnar n. |
| What nerve supplies sensory to the back of the hand on the lateral side? | Radial n. |
| What nerve supplies sensory to the lateral side of the back and front of the hand? | Ulnar n. |
| What nerve supplies sensory to the front of the first 3.5 digits? | Median n. |
| How do you test for good blood flow in the hand? | Allen's Test |
| Which side of the hand has firmly connected skin that is thicker and relatively elastic? | Palmar |
| When the hand is flexed all the fingers point to which carpal? | Scaphoid |
| What is the position of the wrist for power grip? | Slight extension |
| Which side of the hand provides power? | Ulnar |
| Which side of the hand provides precision? | Radial |
| What joints are crucial for prehension? | CMC and MP rotation of the thumb |
| What type of grasp uses the thumb and lateral IF? | Key pinch or lateral pinch |
| What type of grasp is used when holding a pencil? | Tripod |
| What type of grasp is used when picking up coins? | Tip pinch |
| What type of grasp is used when holding a water bottle? | Cylindrical |
| What type of grasp is also known as the lumbrical grasp? | Intrinsic plus |
| What is an orthosis? | Custom fabricated or pre-fab device used to stabilize or immobilize, prevent or correct, protect, promote healing, or assist in function |
| What does orthotic fabrication fall under in OT? | Prep method |
| What is the difference between a splint and an orthotic? | None |
| What term should we use in documentation when making an orthotic or splint? | Orthosis |
| What are the possible negative affects of orthotics? | -Limits mobility at uninvolved joints -Reduces sensory feedback -Adds bulk to the hand -Brings awareness to the hand |
| What are the different types of orthoses? | -Static -Serial Static -Static Progressive -Dynamic |
| What type of splint is never remolded? | Static |
| What type of splint is remodeled to increase stretch? | Serial-static |
| What type of splint has a built in adjustment mechanism for a static stretch? | Static-Progressive |
| What type of splint is always moveable? | Dynamic |
| What degrees should the line of pull be in a dynamic splint? | 90 to reduce extraneous torque |
| If you want to add padding to an orthotic to prevent rubbing on a landmark when should this be done? | Prior to initial molding |
| What type of orthoses immobilizes a joint, preventing motion and promoting optimal alignment? | Protective |
| What type of orthoses prevents deformity by maintaining joint mobility, and can stabilize an unstable joint or healing tendon? | Protective |
| What type of orthoses protects vulnerable or healing structures to promote healing? | Immobilization |
| What type of orthoses prevents subluxations? | Immobilization |
| What type of orthoses can increase limited ROM, restore or augment function? | Dynamic Orthoses |
| What type of orthoses corrects a contracture, corrects a subluxation, or can lengthen shortened tissues? | Corrective orthoses |
| What type of orthoses can assist movement of joints during functional activities when muscles are weak or paralyzed? | Assistive |
| What type of splints promote hand function during the day? | -Hand based thumb spica -Forearm based thumb spica |
| What types of orthoses remediate deformity? | -Figure 8 -Hand positioning |
| How long should a forearm based orthosis be? | 2/3 of the length of forearm |
| How wide should a forearm based orthosis be? | Go halfway up the sides of the arm |
| Edges of orthoses should be? | Flared away, and rounded |
| What is critical for securing the splint and to diminish shear forces? | Strapping |
| What can happen with straps and edema? | Window edema |
| What are the client consideration for splinting? | -Compliance -Skin tolerance -Appearance -Ability to don/doff -Wearing schedule |
| Which codes are used to bill for an orthosis? | L codes |
Created by:
jkranz93
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