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Black History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| First black actor to win an oscar award for his role in the 1963 film "Lillies of the Field. | Sidney Potier |
| Best known for his portrayal of a black doctor who plans to marry a white woman in "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?", a movie that was the first to deal with such a social situation, starring Katherine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy. | Sidney Potier |
| Became the first black US Secretary of State in 2001 | Colin Powell |
| Formerly the Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, the highest military post in the US | Colin Powell |
| Four-Star General played a leading role in the Desert Storm operations in the Perisan Gulf | Colin Powell |
| In 2005 she was sworn in as the US Secretary of State, following Colin Powell. | Condoleeza Rice |
| Was appointed in 2001 to be the National Security Advisor by President George W. Bush. | Condoleeza Rice |
| Before taking the high ranking government position of Nation Security Advisor, she was a professor of political science at Stanford University. | Condoleeza Rice |
| Started college at the age of 15 at the University of Denver and has her Masters' Degree from the University of Notre Dame | Condoleeza Rice |
| Birth name of Cassius Clay | Muhammad Ali |
| Won the gold medal in the 1960 Olympics in Rome for boxing | Muhammad Ali |
| In 1964 he became the heavyweight champion by knocking out rival Sonny Liston. | Muhammad Ali |
| In 1967 he refused, on religious grounds, to register to enter the armed forces and fight in Vietnam, and so he lost his title as heavyweight champion. He later regained it after beating both Joe Fraizer and George Foreman. | Muhammad Ali |
| Lit the Olympic Torch for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta Georgia. | Muhammad Ali |
| Named "Sportsman of the Century" by Sports Illustrated. | Muhammad Ali |
| Currently suffers from Parkinson's disease and has raised over $45 million for his Parkinson Center. | Muhammad Ali |
| A well-respected tennis player, he was the first black winner of a major men's singles championship, the US Open, in 1968. | Arthur Ashe |
| Won both the Davis Cup and Wimbledon singles against the #1 player, Jimmy Connors. | Arthur Ashe |
| An author, writing 'A Hard Road to Glory', about the history of African Americans in sports. | Arthur Ashe |
| Built the first clock in the United States after only one look at a pocket watch, and it kept perfect time for over 40 years. | Benjamin Banneker |
| Was an astronomer and correctly predicted the 1789 solar eclipse. | Benjamin Banneker |
| President Washington appointed him to the team to plan the layout for the capital city in Washington DC. | Benjamin Banneker |
| He was very successful because he had a photographic memory. | Benjamin Banneker |
| In 1792 he published an almanac that included poems and weather information. | Benjamin Banneker |
| Became the first African American astronaut in space. | Guion Bluford |
| In 1983 he blasted off into outer space on the space shuttle "Challenger". This was the first mission with both a night launch and landing, and it lasted six days. The crew was launching a weather satellite. | Guion Bluford |
| He was trained to fly in the Air Force and flew combat missions in Vietnam. | Guion Bluford |
| Before his retirement, he logged over 688 hours in space. | Guion Bluford |
| Developed over 300 products from peanuts including coffee, butter, adhesives, shampoo, face powder, ink, and vinegar. | George Washington Carver |
| Taught southern farmers that growing crops other than cotton could help improve their farm land. | George Washington Carver |
| Taught at Tuskegee University in Alabama. | George Washington Carver |
| Was offered jobs from Henry Ford and Thomas Edison, but he chose to stay at Tuskegee and help improve the lives of black farmers. | George Washington Carver |
| In 1909, he became the first person ever to reach the North Pole, and promptly placed an American flag there to mark the accomplishment. | Matthew Henson |
| He and Robert Peary travelled by dog sled with Eskimo guides. He was the best dog sled driver, so he led the team while Perry moved more slowly due to frostbite on his toes. | Matthew Henson |
| Was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in 1944. | Matthew Henson |
| Became the first black Supreme Court Justice in 1967 after being appointed by President Lyndon Johnson. | Thurgood Marshall |
| Best known for being a lawyer for the NAACP in the Brown vs. Board of Ed court case that desegrated schools. Linda Brown was not allowed to attend the all white school. He argued that segregated schools were against the law, and won. | Thurgood Marshall |
| Was told at the age of 4 that she would never walk again, but in 1960 won 3 gold medals in the Olympics in Rome. | Wilma Rudolph |
| Titled the world's fastest woman after winning 3 gold medals in the 1960 Olympics in Rome | Wilma Rudolph |
| Set the world record of 22.9 seconds for the 200 meter race. | Wilma Rudolph |
| Became a teacher and coach after winning gold medals in the 1960 olympics and being named the world's fastest woman. | Wilma Rudolph |
| Called "The Moses of her people" | Harriet Tubman |
| Helped to bring over 300 slaves to freedom using the Underground Railroad. | Harriet Tubman |
| Helped slaves escape by traveling from one safe place to another until they reached freedom in the north. | Harriet Tubman |
| Led her own parents to freedom. | Harriet Tubman |
| Made 19 rescue trips for slaves and was never caught. | Harriet Tubman |
| During the Civil War, she served the Union Army as a nurse and spy. | Harriet Tubman |
| In 1978, the US Postal Service issued a stamp in her honor. | Harriet Tubman |
| Created a mixture that cured her problem of her hair falling out, while living in St. Louis, and began selling it door to door. | Madame C.J. Walker |
| Her business grew and expanded to Denver, Colorado where she became famous for her hair care products. | Madame C.J. Walker |
| In 1910 she opened a factory in Indianapolis that employed 5,000 black women. | Madame C.J. Walker |
| Became America's first black female millionaire. | Madame C.J. Walker |
| Famous Opera singer in the 1930's | Marian Anderson |
| In 1939 she was denied the chance to perform at Constitution Hall in Washington DC because she was black. Constitution Hall was owned by the Daughters of the American Revolution. Eleanor Roosevelt resigned from the DAR in protest of this. | Marian Anderson |
| 75,000 people came to the Lincoln Memorial on Easter Sunday to see this person sing. | Marian Anderson |
| A well know author and poet, best know for the portion of her biography entitled, "I know Why the Caged Bird Sings", which tells the story of her growing up during the Great Depression. | Maya Angelou |
| In 1993 she was invited to speak at President Clinton's Inauguration Ceremony where she read the poem, "On the Pulse of Morning". | Maya Angelou |
| Was from New Orleans and fondly nicknamed "Satchmo" | Louis Armstrong |
| Became famous playing jazzy tunes on the trumpet and singing in his popular gruff voice. | Louis Armstrong |
| He recorded many albums and made more than 50 movies. Best known for his 1968 hit single "What a Wonderful World". | Louis Armstrong |
| Died of a heart attack in 1971. | Louis Armstrong |
| At the age of 6, in 1960, a federal judge ordered her to be allowed to enter first grade at Frantz Elementary, an all white school, in New Orleans | Ruby Bridges |
| Angry mobs tried preventing her from entering an all white school in New Orleans. President Dwight Eisenhower ordered that she be escorted by armed federal marshals to school. | Ruby Bridges |
| Her teacher, Mrs. Henry, said that she often prayed for forgiveness for the people who harassed her. | Ruby Bridges |
| Became a popular poet at a very young age when her poems began to appear in popular magazines. | Gwendolyn Brooks |
| A Chicago native, she received many awards for her writing including the Pulitzer Prize, The Lifetime Achievement Award from the National Endowments for the Arts, and she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. | Gwendolyn Brooks |
| His mother told him, "The doors of the world are open to people who can read." | Ben Carson |
| He graduated from Yale University and the University of Michigan Medical School. | Ben Carson |
| His interest in the brain and in surgery led him to a career as a neurosurgeon. | Ben Carson |
| He dedicated his life to healing children. | Ben Carson |
| In 1984 at the age of 33 he became the director of pediatric surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland | Ben Carson |
| Became internationally known as the surgeon who successfully separated conjoined twins joined at the head, a surgery that lasted 24 hours. | Ben Carson |
| Born in Brooklyn, New York, she grew up on her grandmother's farm and became a teacher after college. | Shirley Chisholm |
| In 1968 she became the first black woman in the US Congress and worked there for 14 years. | Shirley Chisholm |
| She tried, unsuccessfully, to become president in 1972 losing the Democratic nomination to George McGovern. | Shirley Chisholm |
| Born on a plantation in Massachusetts, he was a poorly treated slave until he escaped to Philadelphia disguised in sailor clothes | Frederick Douglas |
| He began speaking and writing publicly about the evils of slavery. He published an anti-slavery magazine called 'The North Star' | Frederick Douglas |
| He was such an influential speaker that he convinced Abraham Lincoln to accept black soldiers into the Union Army. | Frederick Douglas |
| After the Civil War he spoke out for education, land ownership, and civil rights for newly freed people. | Frederick Douglas |
| Studied the 4 types of human blood and how it could be preserved. | Charles Richard Drew |
| Discovered and became an expert on collecting, storing, processing and shipping blood plasma. | Charles Richard Drew |
| The ideal of a blood bank came from him. His methods helped save the lives of thousands of soldiers during World War II. | Charles Richard Drew |
| Became the director of the Red Cross blood collection, which helps save the lives of many people. | Charles Richard Drew |
| Was a gifted scholar, writer, and advocate of human rights who was considered one of the most influential black leaders of his time. | W.E.B. DuBois |
| He was one of the founders of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored Poeple) in 1909. | W.E.B. DuBois |
| Nicknamed "Duke" for his flashy way of dressing, became famouns as a musician, composer and band leader. | Edward "Duke" Ellington |
| His band, The Washingtonians, played in Harlem's Cotton Club as well as opera houses in New York, Chicago, and San Francisco. | Edward "Duke" Ellington |
| A singer, known as the "Queen of Soul", is also a diva of pop music. | Aretha Franklin |
| Well-known for her 1967 hit "Respect", she sold millions of albums and won 15 Grammy Awards | Aretha Franklin |
| In 1987, she became the first female performer inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. | Aretha Franklin |
| In 2009, she sang, "America the Beautiful" at President Obama's Inauguration | Aretha Franklin |
| Invented the folding cabinet bed, a space-saver that folded up against the wall. The bed was invented for people living in small apartments. | Sarah Goode |
| She was the first African American woman inventor to ever receive a patent in 1885. | Sarah Goode |
| She owned and operated a furniture store in Chicago. | Sarah Goode |
| Opened his own record store in Detroit. | Barry Gordy |
| In 1959, he founded Motown Records earning its first gold record with Smokey Robinson's hit "Shop Around". Other famous artists recording with Motown include The Supremes, Stevie Wonder, and the Jackson Five. | Barry Gordy |
| Best known for his poetry writings, but he also wrote plays, beographies, stories, and television scripts. | Langston Hughes |
| His poems celebrate the ordinary black people- the people he most respected. | Langston Hughes |
| His strong black pride flows through all his work. In 1960, the NAACP declared him "Poet Laureat of the Negro Race". | Langston Hughes |
| Born in 1956 in Chicago, she was the first black woman to travel in space on the space shuttle Endeavor. | Mae Jemison |
| After graduating from Stanford University and Cornell University, she joined the NASA space program in 1987. | Mae Jemison |
| Later she became an instructor at Dartmouth University in New Hampshire. | Mae Jemison |
| Head of Johnson Publishing Company, the largest black-owned publishing company in the world. | John Johnson |
| He started "Ebony" magazine in 1945, and "Jet" in 1951. Both were immediately popular and are highly successful today. | John Johnson |
| Chairman and founder of Black Entertainment Television (BET). BET is the first and only cable network targeted to African Americans. In 1991 it became the first black-owned firm to go onto the New York Stock Exchange. | Robert Johnson |
| A graduate of the University of Illinois in 1968, he is one of the richest and most influential figures in American media. | Robert Johnson |
| Was a great composer and pianist. As a boy in Texas he taught himself to play the piano. | Scott Joplin |
| Played and composed a style of music known as "ragtime". | Scott Joplin |
| He wrote 2 operas and composed over 60 songs including the famous tune, "The Entertainer" | Scott Joplin |
| A graduate from Teas Southern University and Boston University, she was the first black female state senator ever to be elected. | Barbara Jordan |
| In 1966 she served the state of Texas and worked for 12 years as a member of congress. | Barbara Jordan |
| She left public office to teach at the University of Texas | Barbara Jordan |
| In 1995 she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Bill Clinton. | Barbara Jordan |
| Was born in Atlanta, Georgia and attended Morehouse College. | Martin Luther King |
| Was ordained a Baptist minister. | Martin Luther King |
| Studied the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi who practiced nonviolent action to bring about change. | Martin Luther King |
| Promoted the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1956. | Martin Luther King |
| In 1964 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. | Martin Luther King |
| He led a famous march on Washington DC where he gave his "I Have a Dream" speech to over 250,000 people, giving new energy to the civil rights movement. | Martin Luther King |
| On April 4, 1968 he was shot and killed by James Earl Ray. He is laid to rest at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. | Martin Luther King |
| The national holiday celebrating his birthday was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan in 1986. | Martin Luther King |
| Was a brilliant inventor. He invented the gas mask that helps firefighters work longer in fires. | Garret Morgan |
| In addition to inventing the gas mask, he also invented the three way traffic light to help people drive safely. The automatic traffic light was patented in 1923 and later sold to General Electric for $40,000. | Garret Morgan |
| Is currently the President of the United States | Barak Obama |
| Formerly a Senator for Illinois, he was born in Hawaii and lived in Indonesia. | Barak Obama |
| He graduated from Columbia University and Harvard Law School | Barak Obama |
| He published two best-selling books entitled, 'Dreams From My Father' and 'The Audacity of Hope' | Barak Obama |
| Campaigned against Hillary Clinton for the Democratic nomination for president in 2008 election. After winning the nomination, selected Joseph Biden as his running mate, and eventual Vice President. They defeated John McCain and Sarah Palin. | Barak Obama |
| Nicknamed "Duke" for his flashy way of dressing, became famous as a musician, composer and band leader. | Edward "Duke" Ellington |
| His band, The Washingtonians, played in Harlem's Cotton Club as well as opera houses in New York, Chicago, and San Francisco. | Edward "Duke" Ellington |
| A singer, known as the "Queen of Soul", is also a diva of pop music. | Aretha Franklin |
| Well-known for her 1967 hit "Respect", she sold millions of albums and won 15 Grammy Awards | Aretha Franklin |
| In 1987, whe became the first female performer inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. | Aretha Franklin |
| In 2009, she sang, "America the Beautiful" at President Obama's Inauguration | Aretha Franklin |
| Invented the folding cabinet bed, a space-saver that folded up against the wall. The bed was invented for people living in small apartments. | Sarah Goode |
| She was the first African American woman inventor to ever receive a patent in 1885. | Sarah Goode |
| She owned and operated a furniture store in Chicago. | Sarah Goode |
| Opened his own record store in Detroit. | Barry Gordy |
| In 1959, he founded Motown Records earning its first gold record with Smokey Robinson's hit "Shop Around". Other famous artists recording with Motown include The Supremes, Stevie Wonder, and the Jackson Five. | Barry Gordy |
| Best known for his poetry writings, but he also wrote plays, beigraphies, stories, and television scripts. | Langston Hughes |
| His poems celebrate the ordinary black people- the people he most respected. | Langston Hughes |
| His strong black pride flows through all his work. In 1960, the NAACP declared him "Poet Laureat of the Negro Race". | Langston Hughes |
| Bone in 1956 in Chicago, she was the first black woman to travel in space on the space shuttle Endeavor. | Mae Jemison |
| After graduatin from Stanford University and Cornell University, she joined the NASA space program in 1987. | Mae Jemison |
| Later she became an instructor at Dartmouth University in New Hampshire. | Mae Jemison |
| Head of Johnson Publishing Company, the largest black-owned publishing company in the world. | John Johnson |
| He started "Ebony" magazine in 1945, and "Jet" in 1951. Both were immediately popular and are highly successful today. | John Johnson |
| Chairman and founder of Black Entertainment Television (BET). BEt is the first and only cable network targeted to African Americans. In 1991 it became the first black-owned firm to go onto the New york Stock Exchange. | Robert Johnson |
| A graduate of the University of Illinois in 1968, he is one of the richest and most influential figures in American media. | Robet Johnson |
| Was a great composer and pianist. As a boy in Texas he taught himself to play the piano. | Scott Joplin |
| Played and composed a style of music known as "ragtime". | Scott Joplin |
| He wrote 2 operas and composed over 60 songs including the famous tune, "The Entertainer" | Scott Joplin |
| A graduate from Teas Southern University and Boston University, she was the first black female state senator ever to be elected. | Barbara Jordan |
| In 1966 she served gthe state of Texas and worked for 12 years as a member of congress. | Barbara Jordan |
| She left public office to teach at the University of Texas | Barbara Jordan |
| In 1995 she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Bill Clinton. | Barbara Jordan |
| Was born in Atlanta, Georgia and attended Morehouse College. | Martin Luther King |
| Was ordained a Baptist minister. | Martin Luther King |
| Studined the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi wo practiced nonviolent action to bring about change. | Martin Luther King |
| Promoted the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1956. | Martin Luther King |
| In 1964 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. | Martin Luther King |
| He led a famous march on Washington DC where he gave his "I Have a Dream" speech to over 250,000 people, giving new energy to the civil rights movement. | Martin Luther King |
| On April 4, 1968 he was shot and killed by James Earl Ray. He is laid to rest at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. | Martin Luther King |
| The national holiday celebrating his birthday was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan in 1986. | Martin Luther King |
| Was a brilliant inventor. he invented the gas mask that helps firefighters work longer in fires. | Garret Morgan |
| In addition to inventing the gas mask, he also invented the three way traffic light to help people drive safely. The automatic traffic light was patented in 1923 and later sold to General Electric for $40,000. | Garret Morgan |
| Is currently the President of the United States. The major issues he is facing are the recession and health care reform. | Barak Obama |
| Formerly a Senator for Illinois, he was born in Hawaii and lived in Indonesia. | Barak Obama |
| he graduated from Columbia University and Harvard Law School | Barak Obama |
| He published two best-selling books entitled, 'Dreams From My Father' and 'The Audacity of Hope' | Barak Obama |
| Campaigned against Hillary Clinton for the Democratic nomination for president in 2008 election. After winning the nomination, selected Joseph Biden as his running mate, and eventual Vice President. They defeated John McCain and Sarah Palin. | Barak Obama |
| At the age of 22 he won 4 gold medals in track and field events in the 1936 Olympics in Berlin | Jesse Owens |
| During the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany Adolph Hitler was the nazi leader and convince many Germans that they were the "master race" and was not happy that this person was setting new world records. | Jesse Owens |
| Victories in setting new world records and winning 4 gold medals in track and field, in the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany helped demonstrate how athletic competition can improve racial problems and bring people together. | Jesse Owens |
| Knowing the likely punishment, refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery, Alabama bus. In 1955 this was the law. This peaceful protest helped spark the civil rights movement of the 1960's. | Rosa Parks |
| Led a bus boycott by not giving up her seat to a white person. This boycott lasted just over 1 year (381 days) until the law was changed forcing blacks to give up their seats to the whites. | Rosa Parks |
| Made history after hear death in 2005 at the age of 92 by becoming the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol Rotunda in Washington DC | Rosa Parks |
| Drafted by the Chicago Bears in 1975, he played until 1987, and is often considered the greatest funning back in the history of football. | Walter Payton |
| Held many records for rushing the football, and was active in local charities. | Walter Payton |
| His son, Jarrett, gave the speech wehn he was inducted into the Football Hall of Fame. | Water Payton |
| His death in 1999 of a rare liver disease increased the awareness of the importance of organ donation. | Walter Payton |
| Known as one of the West's most exciting cowboys, he worked in the 101 Ranch in Oklahoma with Will Rogers. | Bill Pickett |
| Perfected the art of steer wrestling and performed in rodeo shows in London, New York City, and Mexico City. | Bill Pickett |
| The son of a slave who excapted via the Underground Railroad, was a brilliant student and talented athlete | Paul Robeson |
| Only the thrid black person admitted to Rutgers University, he went on to earn 12 varsity letters in baseball, football, basketball and track. | Paul Robeson |
| Was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, a national honor society for outstanding students and graduated as valedictoria from Rutgers University. | Paul Robeson |
| Earned a law degree in 2 years, but was most interested in a career in acting. his role as Joe in the musical "Showboat" featured his popular rendition of "Ol' Man River". He starred in Shakespear's "Othello" in England to sold out crowds. | Paul Robeson |
| Was the first black man to play on a Major League Baseball team | Jackie Robinson |
| Before being signed by Branch Ricky to the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1945, he playted for the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro National league. Upon entering the majors, he was often treated badly by players and fans. | Jackie Robinson |
| he was named Rookie of the Year, Most Valuable Player, and inducted into the BAaseball Hall of Fame. His success and personal strength paved the way for other black Americans | Jackie Robinson |
| Her tremendous voice earned her the title of "Empress of the Blues". | Bessie Smith |
| born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, she sang with famous blues singer Ma Rainey, and soon became the highest paid blues singer in the country. | Bessie Smith |
| Her 1923 recording of "Down Hearted Blues" sold 2 million copies. | Bessie Smith |
| She played basketball for Texas Tech University, scoring 47 points in the national championship game. | Sheryl Swoopes |
| Earned 3 Olympic gold medals with the US Woman's Basketball team in 1996, 2000, and 2004. | Sheryl Swoopes |
| Was one of the first women drafted to play professionally in the WNBA (Women's National Basketball Association) with the Houston Comets. She lead the Comets to 4 consecutive championships. | Sheryl Swoopes |
| Was a very dramatic and effective speaker who traveled across the country giving speeches on slavery and women's rights. | Sojourner Truth |
| She changed her name from Isabella Baumfree after she escaped from slavery. | Sojourner Truth |
| Her famous speech, "Ain't I a Woman?", was given at the 1851 Women's Right's Convention, though she could not read or write. | Sojourner Truth |
| She wsa invited to the White House by Abraham Lincoln. | Sojourner Truth |
| As part owner of a Memphis newspaper called "Free Speech", this journalist spoke out against the action of lynching, or hanging, of black men. She wrote angry articles and even published names of men repsonsible for the hangings. | Ida B Wells |
| She is the co-founder of the NAACP in 1909 with W.E.B. DuBois | Ida B Wells |
| Was kidnapped by slave traders at age 8 and brought to America. She was purchased by the Wheatly family who soon realized that she was very intelligent. She learned to read and write, disallowed for most slaves. She died at age 31 | Phyllis Wheatly |
| Became known internationally as a gifted poet during the Revolutionary War period. her poems were recognized by George Washington and John Hancock. | Phyllis Wheatly |
| A popular TV personality, she got her first big break hosting the talk show "AM Chicago" later renamed "The Oprah Winfrey Show" in 1985. | Oprah Winfrey |
| her intelligence, honesty, and engaging personality attracted a wide audience. | Oprah Winfrey |
| Project such as Oprah's Book Club and The Angel Netowrk have been effective in promoting literacy and philanthropy. | Oprah Winfrey |
| She is the first black woman to obtain billionaire status. | Oprah Winfrey |
| In 1893 he became the surgeon who did the world's first successful heart operation. | Daniel Hale Williams |
| He opened a hospital in Chicago to provide medical training for black doctors and nurses. | Daniel Hale Williams |
| he opened over 49 hospitals for black patients since many hopsitals only provided help to white patients. | Daniel Hale Williams |
| Known as "The Black Edison", this brilliant inventor received over 60 patents for inventions including the telephone transmitter, which the American Bell Company bought the rights to. | Daniel Hale Williams |
| Some of his inventions included the electric egg incubator and the automatic air brake system, which increased railroad safety, besides inventing the telephone transmitter. | Granville T Woods |
| Other inventions include the "third rail" that made subway systems possible, and a device for transmitting messages between trains and stations, improving safety and communication. | Granville T Woods |
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