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C++ Unit 1
"C++ - From Problem Analysis to Program Design" D.S Malik)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Blaise Pascal | French philosopher who created first computer |
| punching holes | first computer storage |
| Charles Babbage | English mathematician and physical scientist who designed difference engines and analytical engine |
| Augusta | first programmer |
| Herman Hollerith | invented electric calculating machine that used punched cards to store data |
| 1944 | when Mark 1 launched(first computer-like machine) |
| 1951 | when Universal Automatic Computer built and sold to U.S. Census Bureau |
| transistor | what invention resulted in smaller, faster, more reliable, and energy-efficient computers in 1956 |
| COBOL | early software for business |
| FORTRAN | early software for science |
| central processing unit | CPU acronym |
| global positioning satellites | GPS acronym |
| categories of computers | mainframe, midsize, and micro |
| input | basic commands for entering data |
| output | basic commands for exporting display results |
| hardware | CPU, MainMemory(MM)/Random Acess Memory(RAM), input/output devices, and secondary storage |
| Central Processing Unit | brain of the computer |
| memory cells | ordered sequence of cells in main memory |
| address | digital information for low leveled languages to access info(hexadecimal) |
| primary source | where does information go to first for moving to a secondary source |
| input devices | device that feeds data to programs to computer |
| output devices | device that computer uses to display results |
| perform specific task | why software is written |
| operating system(OS) | software providing service(windows/apple/Linux) |
| application programs(AP) | perform specific task(google dock/apple store) |
| machine language | language of computer(binary code/binary number) |
| binary digit or bit | digit of 0 or 1 |
| byte | sequence of 8 bits |
| Kilobyte (KB) | 1024 bytes |
| ASCII | 128 characters numbered 0 through 127 for personal computers |
| decimal system | base 10 - the number system we use in daily life |
| binary | base 2 - computer system computer uses |
| mnemonic command | instruction easy-to-remember |
| assembler | program that translates program assembly language to machine language(in equivalent language) |
| high-level language | language similar to programmer's natural language |
| source code(source program) | program you write(high-level language) |
| preprocessor | program that begins with #(pulls library in for further coding & process statements in C++) |
| *compiler* | special program translating high-level language to machine code |
| object program(type of compiler) | machine program version of high-level program(for translation of compiled language) |
| library | where does code form IO stream come from(prewritten code) |
| linker | combines object program with other programs in library(used in program to create executable code) |
| loader | loads exactable program into main memory to run |
| build | command for linking(on Visual C++ or Visual Studio) |
| algorithm | step-by-stem problem-solving process(takes time) |
| *analysis stage* | when error occurs what stage to go to |
| Structured & Object oriented programming | 2 types of programming |
| Structured programming | top-down programming |
| Object-Oriented programing | programing spends first part of programming defining components => components called |
Created by:
Kamil Cheng
Popular Computers sets