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Skeletal System
Overview of Skeleton
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| axial skeleton | – forms the central supporting axis of the body (Includes: skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs, sacrum and hyoid) |
| appendicular skeleton | – includes the bones of the upper limb and pectoral girdle, and the bones of the lower limb and pelvic girdle (includes: pectoral girdle, upper extremity, pelvic girdle, lower extremity) |
| 206 | #of adult bones in the body |
| 270 | # of bones at birth (they decrease due to fusion) |
| Skull | the most complex part of the skeleton Includes: 22 bones joined by immovable joints, 8 cranial bones |
| Sutures | Immovable joints |
| other cavities | orbits, nasal cavity, oral (buccal) cavity, middle-, and inner ear cavities, and paranasal sinuses |
| paranasal sinuses | – frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary –lined by mucous membrane and air-filled –lighten the anterior portion of the skull –act as chambers that add resonance to the voice |
| foramina | – holes that allow passage for nerves and blood vessels |
| 14 facial bones | Purpose: support teeth, facial and jaw muscles |
| Cranium (braincase) | – protects the brain and associated sense organs –consists of two parts: the calvaria (skullcap) and the cranial base |
| Base | Base is divided into three basins that comprise the cranial floor –anterior cranial fossa –middle cranial fossa –posterior cranial fossa |
| anterior cranial fossa | holds the frontal lobe of the brain |
| middle cranial fossa | holds the temporal lobes of the brain |
| posterior cranial fossa contains | Contains the cerebellum |
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SunShineSenpai
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