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A&P

TermDefinition
Anatomy & Physiology Anatomy is the structure of the body. Physiology is the function of the body.
Macroscopic & Microscopic Macroscopic is visible to the naked eye Microscopic is not visible to the naked eye.
Cytology & Histology Cytology is the study of the cells, especially their appearance and structure. Histology is the study of tissues and cells under a microscope.
Levels of organisation Atoms, Molecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissue, Organs, Organ System, Organism
Types of tissue & how many types? Four - Epithelial Tissue, Connective Tissue, Muscle Tissue, Nervous Tissue
Epithelial Tissue Form the coverings and linings of the body
Connective Tissue supports and protects body organs
Muscle Tissue contracts to move the whole body, or move substances through the body
Nervous Tissue creates and transmits electrical impulses allowing communication within the body.
Organ Systems Murders Linc - Muscular, Urinary, Reproductive, Digestive, Endocrine, Respiratory, Lymphatic, Integumentary, Nervous, Circulatory
Integumentary System Hair, Skin & Nails External physical barrier - protecting your body from bacteria, infection, injury and sunlight. Makes vitamin D.
Musculoskeletal System Bones, Connective tissue, Joints. Body's framework, allowing movement of limbs & whole body. Also produces heat & stores calcium.
Endocrine System Pineal, Pituitary, Parathyroid, Thyroid & Adrenal Gland - Hypothalamus, Pancreas, Ovary & Testis Produces and secretes hormones that regulate body process such as reproduction, metabolism & growth
Cardiovascular System Heart & Blood Vessels Transports blood providing oxygen & nutrients to cells & removes carbon dioxide & wastes
Lymphatic / Immune System Red bone marrow, Thymus, Lymphatic Vessels, Thoracic Duct, Spleen, Lymph Nodes Returns leaked fluids tp the blood. Protects the body against infection & foreign substances.
Respiratory System Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Lung Adds oxygen & removes carbon dioxide from the blood
Digestive System Oral Cavity, Esophagus, Liver, Stomach, Small & Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus Breaks down & absorbs nutrients from food
Urinary System Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder, Urethra Regulates the volume and composition of the blood & removes wastes
Reproductive System Mammary glands (in breasts), Ovaries, Fallopian Tubes, Uterus, Uterine Tube, Cervix & Vagina Prostate, Penis, Testis, Ductus Deferens & Scrotum Produces sex cells & hormones. Where foetal development & milk production occur
Planes Frontal, Sagittal & Transverse
Frontal Plane Anterior & Posterior
Sagittal Plane Left & Right
Transverse Superior & Inferior
Anatomical Position Standing facing forward, arms by sides, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing away from body, feet flat on floor - slightly apart & directed forward
Directional Terms Used to describe the location of one body part in relation to another. Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral, Proximal, Distal, Anterior, Posterior, Superficial, Deep
Superior (Cranial) Above, higher or closer to head
Inferior (Caudal) Below, lower, away from the head
Medial Towards the midline of the body
Lateral Away from the midline
Proximal Closer to the point of origin (where limb attaches to torso)
Distal Further from the point of origin (where limb attaches to torso)
Anterior (Ventral) In front of, towards the front of the body
Posterior (Dorsal) Behind, toward the back of the body
Superficial Closer to the surface, more external
Deep Away from the surface, more internal
Planes of Division Sagittal, Frontal
Sagittal Plane Creates left & right parts When divides body into equal left & right parts can be called Median Plane or Midsagittal Plane
Frontal Plane Creates anterior & posterior parts
Horizontal Plane Creates superior & inferior parts
Created by: mcri23
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