Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Physiology
NIghtingale SCI221 - Weeks 7-13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When an impulse reaches a synapse | Chemical transmitters are released. |
| A synaptic knob would be located on a(n): | Axon |
| Which is true of a neuron with a resting potential? | The sodium pump has moved Na+ to the outside of the plasma membrane |
| The only ion(s) that can diffuse across a neuron’s membrane when the neuron is at rest is (are): | Potassium |
| Which neuron could transmit a nerve impulse the fastest? | A large-diameter neuron with myelin |
| Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in certain brain synapses of: | Amines |
| The neurotransmitter(s) that inhibit(s) the conduction of pain impulses is(are): | Enkephalins |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by filtration of blood in the | Choroid plexus |
| Damage to the _____ nerve could make the diaphragm unable to function. | Phrenic |
| Normal infants will show the Babinski reflex up to the age of _____ years | 1.5-2 |
| Which is the only plexus that contains fibers from the thoracic region of the spinal cord? | Brachial |
| Acetylcholine can stimulate _____ receptors. | Nicotinic |
| Which is(are) the neurotransmitter(s) in a somatic motor pathway? | Acetylcholine |
| The receptors responsible for sensing crude and persistent touch are the | Ruffini corpuscles |
| The type of cells that secrete ACTH are | Corticotrophs |
| The production of thyroid hormone is stimulated by another hormone from the | Anterior pituitary |
| The sequence of auditory ossicles in the middle ear starting at the tympanic membrane and ending at the oval window is | malleus, incus, and stapes |
| The clear and potassium-rich fluid that fills the labyrinth is | Endolymph |
| Sensory impulses ending in what part of the CNS trigger imprecise or “crude” sensation awareness? | Thalamus |
| The localized pressure gradient needed to maintain blood flow in a tissue is called | Perfusion pressure |
| Inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstrictor impulses is considered a major mechanism of | Vasodilation |
| Blood viscosity stems mainly from the red blood cells but also partly from the _____ in blood | Protein molecules present |
| A glycoprotein hormone that is secreted to increase oxygen concentration in the tissues is | Erythropoietin |
| The physiological mechanism that dissolves clots is known as | Fibrinolysis |
| Which two factors promote the return of venous blood to the heart? | Blood-pumping action of respirations and skeletal muscle contractions |
| Cardiac output is determined by | Stroke Vol & HR |
| Starling’s law of the heart states that, within limits, the longer, or more stretched, the heart fibers are at the beginning of the contraction, the | Stronger the conraction |
| Factors that affect the strength of myocardial contraction are called | Inotropic factors |
| Neutrophils are highly mobile and phagocytic. They migrate out of blood vessels and into tissue spaces. This process is called | Diapedesis |
| Lymphocytes that kill many types of tumor cells and cells infected by different kinds of viruses are known as | Natural killer cells |
| Molecules formed by the reactions of the complement cascade assemble themselves on the enemy cell’s surface, which results in | Cytolysis |
| Which antibody is synthesized by immature B cells and then inserted into their plasma membranes? | Immuno M |
| Antibodies are proteins of the family called | Immunoglobulins |
| The primary organ of the lymphatic system is the | Thymus |
| The body’s defense mechanisms can be organized into one of two major categories of immune mechanisms; these are | Innate and adaptive immunity |
| Which of the following is a powerful poison that acts directly on any cell and quickly kills it? | Lymphotoxin |
| The lymphatic system serves various functions in the body. The two most important functions of this system are | Fluid balance and immunity |
| Pyrogen molecules trigger the fever response by promoting the production of | Prostaglandins |
| Adaptive immunity, part of the body’s third line of defense, is orchestrated by two different classes of a type of white blood cell called the | Lymphocyte |
| The major form by which carbon dioxide is transported in the circulatory system is | Bicarbonate ions |
| Standard atmospheric pressure is _____ mm Hg | 760 |
| The approximate partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure is about _____ mm Hg | 160 |
| Which of the following would have the greatest accelerating effect on the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin? | Decreased PO2 and increased PCO2 |
| Which muscles are used for forced expiration? | Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals |
| During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes | decrease in alveolar pressure |
| By the time the blood leaves the lung capillaries to return to the heart, what percentage of the blood’s hemoglobin has united with oxygen? | 97% |
| Excessive fluid in the pleural cavity would be most likely to cause | Decreased VC |
| Carbon dioxide is carried in three forms in the blood. Ranking them from greatest to least amount carried, the sequence would be: | bicarbonate ion, carbaminohemoglobin, and dissolved in plasma. |
| The vital capacity is equal to the sum of the: | inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume. |
| If the tidal volume of a given individual is 500 ml, then the anatomical dead space is approximately _____ ml | 150 |
| The hormone that inhibits gastric muscle, slowing passage of food into the duodenum, is called: | gastric inhibitory peptide |
| The enterogastric reflex causes | inhibition of gastric peristalsis. |
| The final product of carbohydrate digestion is a: | Monosaccharide |
| Polysaccharides are hydrolyzed into disaccharides by enzymes known as: | Amylase |
| The enzyme pepsin begins the digestion of: | Protein |
| The hormone thought to be a messenger causing release of digestive enzymes from the intestinal mucosa is | Vasoactive intestinal peptide |
| Which of the following is a disaccharide? | Sucrose |
| Cellulose is a residue of digestion that comes from: | Carbohydrates |
| Bicarbonates are useful in the GI tract to | Neutralize hydrochloric acid |
| The hormone that stimulates the release of bicarbonate substance from the pancreas is: | Secretin |
| The substances absorbed into the lymph capillaries are: | Glycerol and Fatty Acid |
| Hydrolysis refers to: | Using water to split larger compounds into smaller ones. |
| Which phase(s) of gastric secretion is(are) stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food? | Cephalic phase |
| Glucose moves from the GI tract into the circulatory system by the process of: | Cotransport |
| An end product of fat digestion is: | Glycerol |
Created by:
stacey_b24
Popular Physiology sets