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PMI A&P Ch3
Chapter 03: Cells Patton: The Human Body in Health & Disease, 7th Edition Self-T
Question | Answer |
---|---|
cytoplasm | the internal living material of the cell |
phospholipids | substance that forms the framework of the plasma membrane |
**plasma membrane function (check that answer is accurate | **acts as the outer boundary of the cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell; identifies a cell as belonging to an individual |
organelle | tiny structure found in the cytoplasm |
ribosomes | organelles that float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum |
lysosome | the interior of this organelle contains various kinds of enzymes capable of breaking down all of the main components of the cell |
golgi apparatus | this organelle is involved in processing and packaging proteins for export out of the cell |
mitochondria | often referred to as the "power plant" of the cell, this organelle is the site of ATP production |
diffusion | the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration |
microvilli | these are small fingerlike projections on the plasma membrane that increase surface area and aid in absorption |
osmosis | the net movement of water molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane |
ion pump | a(n) active transport process |
phagocytosis | the cell process that involves microorganisms or other large particles being engulfed |
nitrogen base | the component that distinguishes one DNA nucleotide from another |
filtration | process is the movement of water and solutes through a membrane by the force of hydrostatic pressure |
transcription and translation | two processes of protein synthesis |
TAGCC | if one side of a DNA molecule had a nucleotide sequence of ATCGG, the opposite side of the molecule would have this nucleotide sequence |
interphase | mitosis is subdivided into four phases except |
centrioles | these are paired organelles that are important in the moving of chromosomes during cell division |
transfer RNA | this type of RNA molecule moves from the nucleus to the ribosoms |
messenger RNA | this type of RNA molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome to help in protein synthesis |
metaphase | during this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes are aligned across the center of the cell |
telophase | this is the last phase of mitosis |
anaphase | during this phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell |
prophase | spindle fibers form during this phase of mitosis |