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ConLC00 Basic Conj

How to understand and use the 9 pts rules for all verbs and tenses

QuestionAnswer
Rule 1; All verbs, like trees, have a STEM.
It is the verb without its endings for regular verbs Parl-er / Fin-ir / Vend-re STEMS are Parl-/Fin-/Vend-
It is often the first letter for Irregular verbs and the full stem for the Nous (IPP) and Vous (IIPP) eg; Venir = V-/V-/V-/Ven-/Ven-/V-
Rule 2; For regular verbs...Carry out the pronounced vowel of the infinitive so... -er...keep the -e and -ir...keep the -i for most of present tense endings but -re Verbs no vowel kept
Rule 3; When using Tu (IIPS) most of the verbs and in most of the tenses Verbs will finish by... -S (and in some cases -x as in - tu veux/peux)
Rule 4; When using Nous (IPP) most of the verbs and in most of the tenses Verbs will finish by... -ONS (except ETRE in present - Nous SOMMES)
Rule 5; When using Vous (IIPP) most of the verbs and in most of the tenses Verbs will finish by... -EZ (except ETRE/DIRE/FAIRE in present; êtes /dîtes /faîtes)
Rule 6; When using Ils/elles (IIIPPP) most of the verbs and in most of the tenses Verbs will finish by... -NT (-ent or -ont)
Rule 7; When using Je/J' (IPS) most of the verbs and in most of the tenses Verbs will finish by... (NOT regular -er verbs Present) -S (and in some cases -x as in - je veux/peux)
Rule 8; For -ir verbs regular and most Ireegular verbs, when using Il/elle (IIIPS) in most of the tenses Verbs will finish by... -T
Rule 9a; for regular -ir verbs, for all PP (nous/vous/ils-elles) do not forget to bring before the endings... -SS- as in Nous finiSSons/Vous finiSSez/ils-elles finiSSent
Rule 9b; for Irregular verbs in present, bring back the last consonnant of IPP/IIPP to the IIIPP as in... Nous dorMons/vous dorMez...Ils dorMent so... Nous veNons/vous veNez....Ils vienNent
Make sure you are familair with terminology as in... IPS/IIPS/IIIPS v IPP/IIPP/IIIPP
IPS (First Person Singular) = I Je/J'
IIPS (Second Person Singular) = You (familiar or younger) Tu (no contraction possible here so no t')
IIIPS (Third Person Singular) = She/He/It/One and infinite possibility in singular (eg; the teacher, an apple, my mum...) Elle/Il/On, c'est.... (Le/la prof, une pomme, ma mère)
IPP ( First Person Plural) = We or, X and I Nous
IIPP (Second Person Plural) = You (polite or plural) Vous
IIIPP (Third Person Plural) = They and infinite possibility in plural (eg; the students, oranges, my parents...) Ils/Elles (les élèves,des oranges, mes parents)
Verbs have three forms Réguliers / Irréguliers / Pronominaux Regular/Irregular/Reflexive
How do you know if a verb is Regular or iIrregular in French If it is Regular or Irregular in English Put in past tense (-d endings regular v non-ed irregular)
Verbs have different modes to be looked at in Class Infinitif / Indicatif / Impératif /Subjonctif / Conditionnel / Participe
Verbs have different tenses From past...present...to future context
1)L'indicatif présent Indicative present; I talk/I am talking = Je parle
2)Le présent du subjonctif Subjunctive present; I might talk/I have to talk = Il est possible/il faut QUE je parle
3)L'impératif (présent) Imperative(order/advice); Talk ! = Parle/parlons/parlez!
4)Le passé immédiat Immediate past; I just talked = Je VIENS DE parler
5)Le futur proche Immediate future; Iam going to talk = Je VAIS parler
6)Le futur simple Future tense; I will talk = Je parlerai
7)Le futur antérieur Past/anterior future; As soon as/when I will have talked = Des que/Lorsque/quand j'aurai parlé
8)Le conditionnel présent Conditionnal present; I would/could/should talk= Je parlerai
9)Le conditionnel passé Conditionnal past; I would have talked= J'aurais parlé
10)Le passé composé Fixed/finited Perfect tense; I talked/I did talk/I have talked J'ai parlé
11)Le passé simple Literature only Perfect tense; same as above in Literature
12)L'imparfait Ungoing/repeated/descriptive Past - Imperfect tense I was talking/I used to talk = Je parlais
13)Le plus que parfait Combined with Perfect The pluperfect; I had talked
14)Le subjonctif passé Subjunctif past; I may have talked = il est possible que j'aie parlé
15)L'imparfait du subjonctif Literature only subjunctif past tense. as above.
Make sure to know all your major Irregular verbs in all basic tenses At least...; P / Fut/ Co / PC/ Impt/ Imp but also Subj P
A) Group 1; Avoir / Etre / Aller / Venir / Faire Basic verbs
B) Group 2; Irregular -er verbs Manger/Payer/Lever/Espérer/Lancer -ger /-yer/-e change/-cer verbs
C) Group 3; Irregular -ir verbs Courir/Dormir/Mentir/Partir/Sentir/Sortir/Mourir/Offrir/Ouvrir Important verbs
D) Group 4; Irregular -re verbs Boire/Croire/Connaítre/Construire/Dire/Ecrire Important verbs
D2) Group 5; Irregular -re verbs Lire/Mettre/Naitre/Plaire/ Prendre/Suivre/Vivre Important verbs
E) Group 6; Irregular -oir verbs Devoir/Pouvoir/Savoir/Voir/Vouloir Very important verbs to know
F)Group 7; Irregular verbs only IIIPS Falloir/Pleuvoir Il faut/faudra/faudrait/fallait/a fallu Il pleut/pleuvra/pleuvrait/pleuvait/a plu
G) Group 8; Reflexive verbs Beware of change in pronouns;Je ME lave/tu TE laves/Il SE lave/nous NOUS lavons/vous VOUS lavez/Elles SE lavent
H)Group 9; verbs in -venir Convenir/Devenir/Parvenir/Revenir Verbs in -prendre Apprendre/Comprendre/Surprendre Family verbs
I)Group 10; Coudre/Craindre/Feindre/Joindre/Peindre/ Rejoindre/Résoudre/Valoir Most difficult verbs
Do not forget.... The verb is the heart of the sentence! if you make a mistake, the sentence is wrong.
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