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Joints
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Synarthroses | immovable; sutures of skull |
| Syndemoses | synarthroses; ligaments connect two bones, move movement possible because of ligament flexibility |
| Gomphoses | synarthroses; unique joints occurring at root of tooth and alveolar process of mandible and maxilla; periodontal membrane |
| Amphiarthroses | slightly movable, either hyaline or fibrocartilage; pubic symphysis |
| Synchondroses | amphiarthroses; hyaline cartilage between articulating joints, disappear as bones fuse together |
| Symphyses | symphyses; pad or disk of fibrocartilage connects two bones and permits slight movement when pressure is applied |
| Diarthrosis/Synovial | freely movable; shoulder joint |
| Types of synovial joints | uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial |
| Uniaxial | movement on one axis and one plane; hinge and pivot |
| Hinge | uniaxial; only flexion and extension |
| Pivot | uniaxial; articulations of bone on bone |
| Biaxial | movement on two perpendicular axes; saddle and condyloid |
| Saddle | biaxial; metacarpal with carpal (trapezium) |
| Condyloid | biaxial; occipital to depression in atlas |
| Multiaxial | movement on three or more planes; ball-and-socket and gliding |
| Ball-and-socket | shoulder; multiaxial |
| Gliding | successive vertebrae (least movable) |