Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Physiology
week 1-6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Standing or staying the same | homeostasis |
| the 4 elements that all living things are made | 1. Nitrogen 2. Hydrogen 3. Oxygen 4. Carbon |
| Smallest particle of an elemental substance that exhibits the properties of that element; composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. | Atom |
| Substance composed of two or more different elements, the atoms of which are chemically united. | Compound |
| Particle consisting of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds. | Molecule |
| The average of the mass numbers of all the isotopes of an element. | Atomic weight |
| Process in which molecules are formed, changed, or broken down. | Chemical reaction |
| Sum total of the chemical reactions occuring in the body cells. | Metabolism |
| Energy-requiring building phase of metabolism in which simpler substances are combined to form more complex substances. | Anabolism |
| Process in which living cells break down substances into simpler substances. | Catabolism |
| A substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution; a proton donor | Acid |
| A substance capable of binding with hydrogen ions; a proton acceptor. | Base |
| The measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution. | pH |
| Chemical substance or system that minimmizes changes in pH by realeasing or binding hydrogen ions. | Buffer |
| Any compound composed of atoms (some of which are carbon) held together by covalent (shared electron) bonds. | Organic compound |
| Chemical substances that do not contain carbon. | Inorganic |
| Chemical substances, such as salts, acids, and bases, that ionize and dissociate in water and are capable of conducting an electrical current. | Electrolyte |
| An ion carrying one or more negative charges and therefore attracted to a positive pole, electron acceptor. | Anion |
| An ion with a positive charge, electron donor. | Cation |
| 3 types of bonds | 1. Hydrogen 2. Ionic 3. Covalent |
| A chemical bond between atoms formed by the transfer of one or more elctrons from one atom to the other. | Ionic bond |
| Electron sharing produces molecules in which the shared electrons occupy a single orbital common to both atoms. | Covalent bond |
| A hydrogen atom, already covalently linked to one electronegative atom, is attracted by another electon-hungry atom, so that a "bridge" forms between them. | Hydrogen bond |
| Unequal sharing of electrons. | Polar covalent bond. |
| Equal sharing of electrons. | Nonpolar covalent bond |
| Large carbohydrate or protein molecules are synthesized from smaller molecules, a water molevule is removed for every bond formed. | Dehydration synthesis |
| A water molecule is added to each bond to be broken; water splitting. | Hydrolysis |
| An ionic compound containing cations other than H+ and anions other than OH-. | Salt |
| What is the ph of blood? | 7.4 |
| What are the 5 major of organic molecules? | 1. ATP 2. Nucleic Acids 3. Proteins 4. Lipids 5. Carbohydrates |
| The capacity to do work. | Energy |
| The sum of the masses of its protons and neutrons in an atom. | Mass number |
| Different atomic forms of the same element. (Vary in # of neutrons) | Isotope |
| Two nucleic acids. | 1. DNA 2. RNA |
| The largest molecules in the body composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous. | Nucleic Acids |
| Organic molecule that stores and releases chemical energy for use in body cells. | ATP |
| What is ATP made up of? | Adenine Ribose 3 phosphate groups |
| four kinds of biomolecules. Give an example of each kind that is relevant to physiology. | 1. Proteins (collagen, hemoglobin, enzymes) 2. Carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose) 3. Lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids) 4. Nucleic acids (ATP, DNA, RNA) |
| atoms bind tightly to one another, such as H2O or O2, one unit | molecule |
| A negatively charged ion | anion |
| a positively charged ion is | cation |
| Examples of homeostasis | 1. Temperature regulation 2. Regulation of blood carbon dioxide level 3. Regulation of blood glucose level |
| Models of homeostasis | 1. The body can be envisioned as a bag of fluid (Figure 2-2) |
| Models of homeostasis | 2. In the fi shbowl model of homeostasis, the body is the bowl of fluid that must be kept constant, the cells of the body are like fish, and the organ systems are like the accessories used to maintain stability |
| Models of homeostasis | 3. In the Wallenda model of homeostasis, the body is compared with a circus high-wire walker |
| Models of homeostasis | 4. In the heating system model, the body is like a home with a thermostat acting as a control center to regulate the furnace and keep the interior constantly warm |
| Models of homeostasis | 5. Each different model of homeostasis emphasizes different aspects of the overall concept |
| Homeostatic Control Mechanisms | A. Feedback loops B. Basic components of control mechanisms C. Negative feedback in control systems D. Positive feedback in control systems E. Changing the set point F. Feed-forward in control systems |
Created by:
Jarabes
Popular Physiology sets