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Neuro and physio
Cleft Palate Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Where does motor innervation for VP closure muscles come from? | Pharyngeal Plexus |
| Palatoglossus motor innervation | XII (hypoglossal) |
| Tensor Veli Palatini motor innervation | V (trigemental) |
| Sensory for hard and soft palate comes from | greater and lesser palatine nerves and also CN X |
| Sensory for faucial and pharyngeal regions | XI (glossopharyngeal nerve) |
| Which two CN also possibly assist in innervating sensory of faucial and pharyngeal regions of oral cavity? | Facial (VII) and Vagus (X) |
| Where is velum for nasal sounds? | Lowered |
| Which muscles lower velum? | Palatoglossus and paltopahryngeous |
| Where is velum for oral sounds? | Elevated |
| Which muscles help to close off velum? | Levator veli palatini Musculus Uvulae Palatopharyngeous Superor pharyngeal constrictor muscles |
| Types of closure patterns | Coronal Sagital Circular |
| Coronal closure | velum against posterior pharyngeal walls with minimal movement of lateral PW |
| What is the most common pattern of velum closure? | Coronal |
| Circular closure | All velopharyngeal structures contribute to closure equally |
| Which closure pattern represents a true sphincter | Circular |
| Sagittal closure | Lateral PW move medially behind velum (not against), minimal posterior displacement of soft palate |
| What is the least common velum closure pattern? | Sagittal |
| Contact on Passavant's ridge | Circular |
| Contact on posterior pharyngeal wall | Coronal |
| Contact on adenoid pads | Sagittal |
| What leads to variation in velum closure patterns? | Age Gender Race Phonetic context |
| Children under 13 show VP closure at __________ | Palatal Plane |
| Palatal plane | Straight line from anterior to posterior nasal spine |
| Velar hight is higher when producing _______ rather than _______ | Consonants; vowels |
| High pressure consonants | plosives, fricatives, affricates |
| Velar height is lower when producing _____ rather than _______ | Other consonants; high pressure consonants |
| Velar hight is higher when producing _______ rather than _______ | High vowels; low vowels |
| VP closure is tighter when producing _______ rather than _______ | Consonants; vowels |
| VP closure is weaker when producing ________ rather than ______ | Low vowels; high vowels |
| Passavant's Ridge | Shelf-like presence on PPW, compensatory for kids with clefts |
| How could Adenoid Pad affect VP closure? | Be enlarged or irregular |
| What happens when Adenoid pad is enlarged? | Prevents tight air seal, can cause gaps |
| Gaps in VP closure lead to | Nasal air emissions (VPI) |
| What happens when adenoid pad is irregular? | Cause obstruction, interfere with lateral posterior wall movement, prevent air tight seal |
| What does obstruction of VP closure lead to? | Cul de sac resonance |
| When does VPI persist? | In kids with sub mucous cleft |
| How long does VPI persist if a child has their adenoids removed (w/o additional issues)? | 6 months |
| Cul-de-sac reonsance | muffled resonance/speech |
Created by:
morganmc3
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