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Pulmonary
Advanced Patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What lab values indication obstructive pulm fxn | decreased FEV1 and decreased FEV1/FEV ratio less than 56% |
| What lab values indication restrictive pulm fxn | FEV1/FVC ratio greater than 70% |
| what are the two types of asthma | Intrinsic and extrinsic |
| What causes intrinsic asthma | anxiety, no exposure to atigen |
| What causes extrinsic asthma | exposure to atigen in environment |
| What medication is prescribed for mild intermittent asthma | Beta 2 agonists inhalers |
| What is considered mild persistent asthma | night s/s 3-4 days/month |
| How to dx COPD | with H&P, CXR, PFT and ABG |
| What do PFTs show in COPD | decrease FEV1 without response to bronchodialators |
| Where does the damage occur in lung with emphysema | At alveoli, causes issue with expansion |
| Where does the damage occur in lung with C. Bronchitis | at the airway, due to mucus |
| S/s of emphysema | Air trapping, increased AP diameter, barrel chest |
| S/s of chronic bronchitits | wheezing, rhonchi, cyanosis at skin and MM |
| What is FVC | the volume that can be exhaled, amount of air that the patient can forcefully inspire and expire |
| What is FEV1 | Amount forcefully exhaled in 1 second |
| What does the FEV1/FVC ratio determine | Normal, obstructive or restrictive |
| What equals total lung capacity | Residual volume, and FVC |
| How do you deterime restrictive pulm fxn | Look at TLC if less than 80%, restrictive |
| Normal lung should be able to exhale what % of the forced vital capacity (FVC) in the first second | 80% |
| imple spirometry can be used to measure any of the following EXCEPT | Residual Volume |
| How many % must the FEV1 increases after bronchodialtors to show that it is reverseable | 12% |
| What is the normal range for FEV1 | 80-120% |
| What is normal range for FVC | 3-5L |
| What destroys the lung’s elastic resulting in decreased recoil | Inflammatory process due to lack of surface area |
| What is umber one cause for emphysemas inflammatory reactions | Irritant, smoking |
| What contributes to airway damage and mucus production | Cytokines from Inflammatory process |
| Which obstructive plm disease is typically reversible | Asthma |
| Which obstructive plm disease is non-reversible | COPD |
| How do you determine if something is reversible | PFT, after bronchodialtor has been given, increase of 12% |
| What happens to tissue in restrictive plm disease | Reduced compliance with lung tissue |
| What prevents lung from expanding in restrictive | typically scar tissue formation or structrual damages |
| What are common diseases associated with restrictive lung disease | ILD, obesity, neuromuscular causes and scoliosis, pulmonary fibrosis |
| spirometry results indicate restrictive lung disease | FEV1, FVC, and total lung capacity reduced; FEV1/FVC ratio normal. |
Created by:
kristengeis
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