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Crimes & Torts

QuestionAnswer
Crime Violation of the law that is punished as an offense against the state or government.
Misdemeanor Criminal offense with a sentence of less than one year that is neither treason nor a felony.
Felony Criminal offense that is punishable by confinement in prison for more than one year or by death, or that is expressly stated by statute to be a felony.
Federal Sentencing Guidelines Federal standards used by judges in determining mandatory sentence terms for those convicted of federal crimes.
White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002 Federal reforms passed as a result of the collapses of companies such as Enron; provides for longer sentences and higher fines for both executives and companies.
White-Collar Crimes Crimes that do not use nor threaten to use force or violence or do not cause injury to persons or property.
Conspiracy Agreement between two or more persons to commit and unlawful act.
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act Federal law, initially targeting organized crime that has expanded in scope and provides penalties and civil recovery for multiple criminal offenses, or a pattern of racketeering.
Predicate Act Qualifying underlying offense for RICO liability.
Bribery Is the act of giving money, property, or any benefit to a particular person to influence that person's judgement in favor of the giver.
Extortion Illegal demand by a public officer acting with apparent authority.
Blackmail Extortion demands made by a nonpublic official.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) Federal law that makes it a felony to influence decision makers in other countries for the purpose of obtaining business, such as contracts for sales and services; also imposes financial reporting requirements on certain US corporations.
Forgery Fraudulently making or altering an instrument that apparently creates or alters a legal liability of another.
Uttering Crime of issuing or delivering a forged instrument to another person.
Perjury Consists of knowingly giving false testimony in a judicial proceeding after having been sworn to tell the truth.
Embezzlement Statutory offense consisting of the unlawful conversion of property entrusted to the wrongdoer.
Computer Crime Is used to refer to a crime that can be committed only by a person having some knowledge of the operation of a computer.
Economic Espionage Act (EFA) Federal law that makes it a felony to copy, download, transmit, or in any way transfer proprietary files, documents, and information from a computer to an unauthorized person.
Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act Allows private companies to bring suit against spammers for their unauthorized use of internet service providers.
Fourth Amendment Privacy protection in the US Constitution; prohibits unauthorized searches and seizures.
Search Warrant Judicial authorization for a search of property where there is the expectation of privacy.
Fifth Amendment Constitutional protection against self-incrimination; also guarantees due process.
Miranda Warnings warnings required to prevent self-incrimination in a criminal matter
Due Process The constitutional right to be heard, question witnesses and present evidence.
Sixth Amendment The US Constitutional amendment that guarantees a speedy trial.
Counterfeiting Is making, with fraudulent intent, a document or coin that appears to be genuine but is not because the person making it did not have the authority to make it.
Created by: 1080456999458591
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