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ENDO: Overview 2
Endocrine system overview part 2.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
thyroid gland function | regulates metabolism and calcium level |
adrenal gland function | -Controls electrolyte levels -Responds to stress: Alters metabolism and interacts with sympathetic nervous system |
gonads | ovaries and testes |
mammary glands | Specialized organs in mammals that produce milk to nourish the young |
pituitary gland | The endocrine system's "master" gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary controls other endocrine glands. |
neurohormones | produced and released by neurons in the brain, rather than by the endocrine glands, and delivered to organs and tissues through the bloodstream |
hypothalamus | A neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward. |
pineal gland function | controls our daily rhythms- sleep wake cycle |
melatonin | A hormone manufactured by the pineal gland that produces sleepiness. |
parathyroid | controls the calcium levels in your body, and normal the bone growth |
parathyroid hormone (PTH) | increases blood calcium levels; stimulates kidneys & intestines to absorb more calcium; breaks down bones |
thymus | An immune organ that is the site of T cell maturation and is larger in children and adolescents. |
thymosin | secretion of thymus that augments maturation of T-lymphocytes |
adrenal cortex | the outer portion of the adrenal glands |
adrenal medulla | The middle portion of the adrenal glands. |
Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) | Two primary thyroid hormones that regulate the rate of metabolism |
Mineralocorticoids | Secreted by adrenal cortex (sodium & water) |
Glucocorticoids | Secreted by adrenal cortex (glucose) |
epinephrine and norepinephrine | secreted by the adrenal medulla |