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CSU Beck Distortions
CSU Beck's Cognitive Distortions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
All-or-nothing thinking (dicotomous thinking) | Thinking of things in absolute terms |
Overgeneralization | Taking isolated cases and using them to make wide generalizations. |
Mental filter | Focusing almost exclusively on certain usually negative or upsetting when both pos and neg events or feedback are present |
Disqualifying the positive | Continually reemphasizing or "shooting down" positive experiences for arbitrary |
Mind reading | Assuming special knowledge of the intentions or thoughts of others. "I know that he won't go out with me... I don't have to ask." |
Fortune telling | Determining how things will turn out before they happen as if this is fact. |
Catastrophizing or Magnifying | Focusing on the worst possible outcome however unlikely or thinking that a situation is unbearable or impossible when it is really just uncomfortable. |
Emotional reasoning | Making decisions and arguments based on intuitions or personal feeling rather than an objective rationale and evidence. |
Should statements or shoulding | Patterns of thought which imply the way things "ought to be" rather than the actual situation the patient is faced with. Ellis used the term "Musturbation" to describe a similar thought pattern. |
Labeling | Explaining behaviors or events merely by naming them; related to overgeneralization. Rather than describing the specific behavior a patient assigns a label to someone of themself that implies absolute and unalterable terms. |
Personalization | Attribution of personal responsibility (or causal role) for events over which the patient has no control. This pattern is also applied to other in the attribution of blame. |