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Cells and Tissues

A list of terms relating to cells and tissues

QuestionAnswer
cell membrane A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell. AKA Border Patrol
Cytoplasm Gel-like liquid inside cell that consists of water, protein, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids (fats), and salts. AKA Gatorade
Nucleus Controls activities of the cell, reproduction, contains chromosomes that transmit hereditary characteristics. AKA- the boss.
Lysosomes Uses enzymes to break down food and worn out cell parts. AKA- Waste processing plant.
Mitochondrion Produce energy. AKA- powerhouse.
Ribosomes Protein synthesis & repair. AKA peanut
tissue A group of similar cells that perform certain functions.
epithelium the specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membranes
Endothelium the specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands, and organs
muscle tissue Tissue made of cells capable of contracting.
nervous tissue A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body.
connective tissue A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts
dense fibrous connective tissue attaches bones to bones and muscles to bones
adipose tissue provides protective padding, insulation, and support
loose connective tissue surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels
liquid connective tissue blood and lymph, transport nutrients and waste products throughout the body
solid connective tissue bone
stem cells unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
embryonic stem cells An undifferentiated cell, taken from an embryo that has potential to give rise to various other cell or tissue types
chromosomes the genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell
DNA A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
Gene A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
dominant trait In genetics, a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it.
recessive trait a genetic factor that is blocked by the presence of a dominant factor
genetic disorder An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes
histology study of tissues
endocrine glands Ductless glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream
exocrine glands Ducted gland that releases chemical subtances to other organs or out of the body.
Created by: jfoote
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