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Corina Davis
Physiology SCI221 - Weeks 7-13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node to node, the type of impulse conduction is called: | saltatory conduction. |
| Within the nervous system, coding for the strength of a stimulus is accomplished through: | the frequency of nerve impulses. |
| The first event to occur when an adequate stimulus is applied to a neuron is: | some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open. |
| Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to: | receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. |
| Which is true of an action potential? | The outside of the plasma membrane is negatively charged, and the inside is positively charged. |
| Stimulus-gated channels open in response to: | sensory stimuli. |
| The only ion(s) that can diffuse across a neuron’s membrane when the neuron is at rest is (are): | potassium. |
| Which of the following statements is not true of the pineal gland? | Melatonin is stimulated by the presence of sunlight. |
| Sensory impulses ending in what part of the CNS trigger imprecise or “crude” sensation awareness? | Thalamus |
| In comparison with the nervous system, the regulatory effects of the endocrine system are: | slow to appear but long-lasting. |
| The production of thyroid hormone is stimulated by another hormone from the: | anterior pituitary. |
| The olfactory tract carries impulses associated with: | smell. |
| The clear and potassium-rich fluid that fills the labyrinth is | endolymph. |
| The last step in the nonsteroid hormone mechanism of action is: | protein kinases activate other enzymes. |
| Which of the following is(are) involved in determining a person’s total blood volume? | Age, blood type, sex |
| Factors that affect the strength of myocardial contraction are called | inotropic factors. |
| Blood pressure is measured with the aid of an apparatus known as a(n) | sphygmomanometer. |
| The mechanisms of which three hormones work together to regulate blood volume? | aldosterone, ANH, and ADH |
| Which two factors promote the return of venous blood to the heart? | blood-pumping action of respirations and skeletal muscle contractions |
| What is the functional significance of large areas of cardiac muscle being electrically coupled to form a single functional syncytium? | Because they form a syncytium, muscle cells can pass an action potential along a large area of the heart wall, stimulating contraction in each muscle fiber of the syncytium. |
| _____ is used to determine the volume percentage of red blood cells in whole blood. | Hematocrit |
| Molecules formed by the reactions of the complement cascade assemble themselves on the enemy cell’s surface, which results in | cytolysis. |
| Chemotaxis is the process by which a cell navigates toward the source of the chemotactic factor by way of | detecting and then moving toward higher concentrations of the factor. |
| Antibodies are proteins of the family called | immunoglobulins. |
| The lymphatic system serves various functions in the body. The two most important functions of this system are | fluid balance and immunity. |
| Pyrogen molecules trigger the fever response by promoting the production of | prostaglandins. |
| Bean-shaped structures located at certain intervals along the lymphatic system are | lymph nodes. |
| Which antibody is synthesized by immature B cells and then inserted into their plasma membranes? | immunoglobulin M |
| Each cortical nodule is composed of packed lymphocytes that surround a less dense area called a | germinal center. |
| The approximate partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure is about _____ mm Hg. | 160 |
| The term used to describe the volume of air exchanged during normal inspiration and expiration is: | tidal volume. |
| One hundred milliliters of arterial blood contains approximately what volume percent of oxygen? | 20% |
| Which of the following constitutes total lung volume? | Residual volume and vital capacity |
| Which of the following would have the greatest accelerating effect on the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin? | Decreased PO2 and increased PCO2 |
| Standard atmospheric pressure is _____ mm Hg. | 760 |
| About 98.5% of the oxygen carried by systemic arterial blood is attached to: | hemoglobin. |
| Vital capacity is defined as the: | maximum volume of air that can be moved into and out of the lungs during forced respiration. |
| Which of the following is a disaccharide? | Sucrose |
| Sucrose | propel food forward along the GI tract. |
| Which of the following is not true of enzymes? | They change chemically and are in the end products of the reaction. |
| The sodium cotransport or coupled transport acts to transport sodium ions and glucose molecules _____ the GI lumen. | passively out of |
| The hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is: | cholecystokinin. |
| Rotavirus can cause what life-threatening condition in infants? | Diarrhea |
| Hydrolysis refers to: | using water to split larger compounds into smaller ones. |
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