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Physiology Stack 1

Weeks 1-6

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following is not one of the basic components in a feedback control loop? Transmitter
Positive-feedback control systems: accelerate a change
The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of _____ feedback. positive
Intracellular parasites that consist of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes by a lipoprotein envelope are called: viruses
Pathogenesis can be defined as: the course of disease development
Intrinsic control: is sometimes called autoregulation
Of the 11 major body systems, which is the least involved in maintaining homeostasis? Reproductive
Unsaturated fats: will kink or bend because of the double bonds between the carbon atoms
The amino group in an amino acid is: NH3+
What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? Degree of saturation
Which lipid acts as a “tissue hormone”? Prostaglandin
Peptide bonds join together molecules of: amino acids
Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? Creatine phosphate
When the chromosomes align themselves across the equator of the spindle fibers, it is characteristic of which phase of mitosis? Metaphase
Phagocytosis is an example of: endocytosis
Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be: an even exchange of material across the membrane
Diffusion requires: a concentration gradient
Which is not true about the sodium and potassium pump? Sodium moves into the cell and potassium moves out of the cell
Hematopoietic tissue can be found in the: bones
Which of the following is not a characteristic of smooth muscles? Having intercalated disks
Connective tissue forms from stem cell tissue called: mesenchyme
Which cells form the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood? Astrocytes
Which is not a function of epithelial tissue? Assimilation
Which of the following is not a characteristic of skeletal muscles? Having one nucleus per cell
Before childbirth, the symphysis pubis softens. True
Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are osteoblasts
Appositional growth of cartilage occurs when chondrocytes begin to divide and secrete additional matrix.
In bone growth, the medullary cavity is enlarged because of the activity of: osteoclasts
Normally, bone loss will begin to exceed bone gain between the ages of _____ years. 35 and 40
Blood calcium levels involve secretion of which two hormones? parathyroid and calcitonin
The ion necessary for cross-bridging is: calcium
Stretching the foot down and back and pointing the toe is called: plantar flexion
White fibers are also called _____ fibers. fast
A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called a(n) _____ contraction. isotonic
All of the following are characteristics of smooth muscle except: thin and thick filaments are aligned in sarcomeres like skeletal muscles.
A condyloid joint is an example of a(n) _____ joint biaxial
Tilting the foot upward, decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg, is called: dorsiflexion
Which of the following statements is incorrect about motor units? The more muscle fibers stimulated by a motor neuron, the more precise the movements of that muscle can be.
In the structure called a triad, the T-tubule is sandwiched between: sacs of sarcoplasmic reticulumq
Which of the following is not a part of the neuromuscular junction? T-tubules
Which type of muscle does not have T-tubules? Smooth
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