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American Literature
Authors Throughout History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| William Bradford | Of Plymouth Plantation |
| Jonathan Edwards | Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God |
| Anne Bradstreet | poems “To my Dear and Loving Husband” & “Upon the Burning of our House” |
| Cotton Mather | Wonders of the Invisible World (about the witch trials) |
| Benjamin Franklin | Poor Richard’s Almanack (aphorisms) |
| Thomas Paine | The Crisis, Common Sense |
| Phyllis Wheatley | “On Being Brought from Africa…,” “To His Excellency George Washington” (the first black American female poet) |
| Thomas Jefferson | The Declaration of Independence |
| Edgar Allan Poe | “The Fall of the House of Usher,” “The Masque of the Red Death,” “The Tell-Tale Heart,” “The Cask of Amontillado,” “The Raven,” “Annabel Lee” |
| Washington Irving | “Rip Van Winkle,” “The Devil and Tom Walker,” “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” |
| William Cullen Bryant | “Thanatopsis” (means “a view of death”) |
| Ralph Waldo Emerson | Nature, Self-Reliance (famous quote from Nature- “I become a transparent eyeball” – he shows that we are part of God and part of nature) |
| Henry David Thoreau | Civil Disobedience, Walden – (He moved out into the woods away from society to live completely on his own and talks about how people should return to a simpler way of life.) |
| Nathaniel Hawthorne | “The Minister’s Black Veil,” The Scarlet Letter |
| Herman Melville | Moby Dick, Billy Budd |
| Henry Wadsworth Longfellow | “The Wreck of the Hesperus,” “Paul Revere’s Ride,” “Song of Hiawatha,” “A Psalm of Life,” “The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls” |
| Oliver Wendell Holmes | “Old Ironsides” |
| James Russell Lowell | “The First Snowfall,” “Auspex” |
| John Greenleaf Whittier | Snowbound, “Hampton Beach” |
| Emily Dickinson | “Because I Could Not Stop for Death,” “Success is Counted Sweetest,” “Hope is the thing with Feathers,” “I Felt a Funeral in my Brain,” “This is my Letter to the World,” “My Life Closed Twice…” |
| Frederick Douglass | My Bondage and My Freedom |
| Mary Chesnut | Diary from Dixie |
| Walt Whitman | Leaves of Grass (a collection of poems), “O Captain, My Captain” (written for Abraham Lincoln), “Beat! Beat! Drums!” |
| Harriet Jacobs | Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Uncle Tom’s Cabin |
| Spirituals | “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot,” “Go Down, Moses,” “Steal Away” |
| Mark Twain | Life on the Mississippi, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, “The Notorious Jumping Frog…” |
| Bret Harte | “The Outcasts of Poker Flat,” “The Luck of Roaring Camp” |
| Ambrose Beirce | “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” |
| Kate Chopin | “The Story of an Hour” |
| Stephen Crane | "The Open Boat" |
| Jack London | White Fang |
| Edwin Arlington Robinson | “Richard Cory,” “Miniver Cheevy” |
| Edgar Lee Masters | Spoon River Anthology |
| Paul Lawrence Dunbar | “We Wear the Mask” – the first African-American to support himself entirely through writing |
| Regionalism | the “local color movement”; founded by Bret Harte |
| Naturalism | shows humans have no control over nature |
| Ernest Hemingway | “Hills Like White Elephants,” A Farewell to Arms, The Sun also Rises, The Old Man and the Sea, For Whom the Bell Tolls – wrote about bullfighting in Spain, lived in Key West, committed suicide |
| F. Scott Fitzgerald | The Great Gatsby |
| William Faulkner | “A Rose for Emily,” The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, “The Bear” – wrote about the Compson family, fictional county in Mississippi (Yoknapatawpha) |
| John Steinbeck | The Grapes of Wrath, Of Mice and Men, The Pearl, East of Eden, wrote about migrant workers in California |
| Kathrine Anne Porter | “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall” |
| Eudora Welty | “A Worn Path” |
| Zora Neale Hurstan | Mules and Men, Dust Tracks on a Road |
| James Thurber | “The Secret Life of Walter Mitty,” “The Night the Bed Fell” |
| Carl Sandburg | “Fog,” “Chicago” |
| e.e. cummings | poet who never capitalized anything |
| Robert Frost | “Stopping by Woods on Snowy Evening,” “The Road Not Taken,” “Fire and Ice”- spoke at Kennedy’s inauguration |
| Lorraine Hansberry | “A Raisin in the Sun” |
| Harper Lee | To Kill a Mockingbird, Go Set a Watchman, from Monroeville, AL |
| Samuel Taylor Coleridge | “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”, Albatross, "albatross around my neck" = a large burden |
Created by:
MadsMoe
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