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The heart

An intro. to the circulatory system

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the heart? Blood carries oxygen and other important nutrients that all body organs need to stay healthy and to work properly. Your heart is a muscle, and its job is to pump blood throughout your circulatory system.
What is the structure of the heart? It is the size of an adult fist, cone-shaped with measurements 12x9x6cm. It is located in the middle of the chest cavity (hollow space) between the lungs.
List the equation for cardiac output. C = VR, where c is cardiac output, v is stroke volume and r is the heart rate.
What are arteries? The blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. Each artery is a muscular tube lined by smooth tissue.
What are veins? Vessels of the circulatory system that support circulation by conveying blood to the heart. Blood flowing through the circulatory system transports nutrients, oxygen, and water to cells throughout the body.
What are capillaries? Tiny blood vessels connecting arteries to veins. These blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients to individual cells throughout the body.
Describe the aorta. The largest artery in the human body. It is responsible for transporting oxygen rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body.
Describe the superior vena cava. A major vein in your upper body. It carries blood from your head, neck, upper chest, and arms to the heart.
Describe the inferior vena cava. Carries blood from the legs, feet, and organs in the abdomen and pelvis. The vena cava is the largest vein in the body.
What is the pulmonary vein? The lung veins sometimes referred to as the pulmonary veins, are blood vessels that transfer freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atria of the heart.
What is the pulmonary valve? One of four valves that regulate blood flow in the heart. The valve lies between the lower right heart chamber (right ventricle) and the pulmonary artery.
Describe the right atrium. Receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the vena cava and pumps it into the right ventricle which then sends it to the lungs to be oxygenated.
What is the tricuspid valve? As the atria fill to capacity, the tricuspid valve opens to allow blood to flow from the right atrium into the right ventricle. As the ventricles contract, the tricuspid valve shuts tightly to prevent blood from flowing back into the right atrium.
Describe the right ventricle. The lower right chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it under low pressure into the lungs via the pulmonary artery
Describe the left atrium. Receives blood full of oxygen from the lungs and then empties the blood into the left ventricle.
Describe the left ventricle. Pumps the oxygen-rich blood to the body through a large network of arteries.
What is the pulmonary artery? Carry blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
What is the mitral valve? Separates the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the left side of the heart. In mitral valve prolapse, the leaflets of the mitral valve bulge (prolapse) into the left atrium like a parachute during the heart's contraction.
What is the aortic valve? Lets blood from the left ventricle be pumped up (ejected) into the aorta but prevents blood once it is in the aorta from returning to the heart.
What is the septum? Separates the atria and ventricles in such a way that it forms a barrier between the heart chambers and this prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Created by: 22JCHAL
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