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Lymphatic System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of the lymphatic system? | (1) To return excess tissue fluid to the circulation. (2) To filter out - get rid of toxins - cellular material, including pathogens and cancer cells. (3) Supports cardiovascular + immune systems. |
| What are the major lymphatic structures? | Thoracic duct joins general circulation; thymus; thoracic duct; spleen; lymph nodes. |
| Describe the concept of lymph vessels. | Lymphatic vessels are large vessels that collect lymph from the lymph capillaries. Lymphatic vessels join up and eventually return lymph to blood. |
| Describe the lymph nodes. | Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped structures that contain high concentrations of macrophages and lymphocytes (WBCs). |
| Describe lymph. | A clear yellow liquid that carriers leukocytes, especially lymphocytes. |
| What is the function of valves? | (1) To ensure blood only flows in one direction. (2) To prevent backflow of blood. |
| Which of the following structures contain lymphatic tissue but are not part of the lymphatic system? | The spleen, thymus gland, tonsils, Peyer's patches in the gut, and the appendix, |
| Explain the difference between the lymphatic system and the immune system. | Both systems protect the body from pathogens but work in different ways. |
| What is the lymphatic system? | A network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste and other materials. |
| What is the primary function of the lymphatic system? | To transfer lymph. |
| Where are lymph nodes located? | 100s of lymph nodes are located deep in side the body around the lungs and heart, or close to the surface such as the arm or groin. |
| Describe the purpose of the spleen. | Largest lymphatic organ. Acts as a blood filter and controls the amount of erythrocytes and blood storage in the body, and assists to fight infection. |
| How does the spleen fight infection? | Detects lethal microorganisms by creating lymphocytes which act as defenders against invaders. Lymphocytes produce antibodies to eliminate the foreign microorganisms. |
| What are tonsils? | Large clusters of lymphatic cells found in the pharynx which act as the 1st line of defence against outside invaders. |
| List the most common diseases. | (1) Lymph nodes' enlargement, (2) swelling due to lymph node blockage, and (3) cancers involving the lymphatic system. |
| Describe the lymphoma. | Lymph nodes' cancer and occurs when lymphocytes grow and multiply uncontrollably. |
| How is lymphoma treated? | By chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, or a combination of these three. |
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22JCHAL
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