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Lab Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is hemolysis? | destruction of blood cells |
| Where is the major artery located in the arm? | upper inner arm |
| What tests can not be done on with a skin puncture on a child, must be venipuncture only | potassium, PT, and blood cultures |
| Why do we do a modified Allen test, what does it tell us? | makes sure radial artery and ulnar artery are both working properly |
| What test are reported to a doctor ASAP? | STAT and critical values |
| What does a qualtative test tell you and how is it measured? | Positive or negative |
| What does the pancreas produce? | insulin |
| What specimen is needed or collected for an ova and parasite (O&P)? | stool sample AKA fecal sample |
| What type of patient is ambulatory care? | outpatient |
| What is one reason we do NOT draw on a specific arm? | mastectomy |
| What analyte is sensitive to light? | bilirubin |
| What is a fomite? | any inanimate object capable of transmitting infection organisims |
| If a potassium is not run in time what happens to the value? | the level increases gives a false high result |
| Phlebotomist job consist of what duties? | clerical, clinical, and technical |
| What phase of the process do we have the greatest impact | pre analytical |
| What 2 specific tests require being kept at body temperature? | cold agglutinin and clot retraction |
| What does cyanotic mean? | lack of oxygen, blue |
| What part of the patient do we perform an ivy bleeding time on | forearm above the wrist |
| What component of the chain of infection am I if I am on immunosuppressive therapy? | susceptible host |
| What is the difference between quality control and quality assurance? | QC focuses on mechanics QA focuses on humans |
| What does INR mean? | international normalized ratio |
| If there is a problem with an instrument what are you NOT going to do? | keep running tests |
| How do we ensure instruments run properly everyday? | quality control |
| What is our acceptable range of deviation for a test | plus or minus 2 |
| What is the most common way to get a false negative on a blood culture and biggest error | not drawing enough blood into bottles |
| What type of test can we learn on the job | waived testing |
| Who establishes the levels for laboratory test complexity? | CLIA |
| What is the best urine sample to collect for cultures | midstream clean catch |
| Patient has someone on POA what law do we still have to follow? | HIPPA |
| If you draw a patient without their permission what can you be charged with? | assault and battery |
| How does a body try to restore hemostasis after a blood draw or cut? | vascular spasm, platelet plug, blood clotting, fibrinolysis |
| What is the medical term for arrest of bleeding? | hemostasis |
| What blood test measures the time it takes for a small incision to stop bleeding? | bleeding time |
| What is the test for coagulation factors of intrinsic pathway? | APTT |
| What is a clot in the vein? | thrombus |
| A newborn with hemorrhagic disease is caused by a lack of? | vitamin K |
| BUN (blood urea nitrogen) measures what? | the amount of nitrogen in your blood produced by waste product urea |
| What are lipids? | fat |
| Elevated glucose level | hyperglycemia |
| Point of care (POCT) testing is: | done at the bedside |
| Where are the Levy Jennings charts located? | quality control manual |
| One thing that should NEVER be found in the lab is: | a patient chart |
| Which tube(s) do NOT contains a coagulation factor in it: | SST, red, tiger top, gold tubes |
| Dr ordered a CK(creatine kinase) and a lactic acid what bodily system is he concerned about: | muscular system |
| What stage of coagulation is the fibrinolysis stage? | 4th and final stage, resolves the clot and returns vessel to normal function |
| What are the three veins normally used in phlebotomy? | basilic, median, cephalic |
| What is on an acceptable blood smear? | feathered edge, covers 2/3 to 3/4th of the slide |
| Which tube additive destroys enzymes in the blood? | sodium fluoride, grey tube |
| What is a basal state? | metabolic condition after 12 hrs of fasting and rest |
| Why do we not use our thumb when we palpate a vein? | thumb has a pulse |
| What do you NOT use with an arterial draw? | tourniquet |
| What do we use to clean blood culture sites? | chlorhexidine |
| If we are testing an acid base balance on a respiratory patient what test do we run? | ABG Arterial blood gas |
| What is the legal term when a patient gives permission to be touched and drawn after being asked. | informed consent |
| What federal law says that labs must have written policies? | CLIA |
| The legal term that refers to what any reasonable person would have done under same circumstance | standard of care |
| What is the legal term for failure to perform according to standard of care? | negligence |
| A packed cell volume test (PVC) gives us the percentage of RBC's in the blood is known as: | Hematocrit |
| Stress, anxiety, or fear can increase what in the blood? | WBC White blood cell count |
| Which analyte is sensitive to light | bilirubin |
| What equipment is needed for an ETS draw | hub, double sided needle, tube, gauze, alcohol, tourniquet |
| A blood disorder in which the blood doesn't clot is: | hemophilia |
| the acronym for fire extinguisher is: | PASS, pull, aim, squeeze, sweep |
| What do you not use when drawing an ethanol or alcohol specimen | alcohol pad |
| Neutrophils and basophils (NLMEB) never let monkeys eat bananas tells us: | Neutrophils highest 54%-62% Basophils lowest 0%-1% |
| 9:1 stands for | nine parts blood to one part sodium citrate |
| which tube is used when checking for arsenic poisoning | Royal blue |
| What color tube(s) and additive(s) prevent coagulation by removing calcium from blood | light blue sodium citrate, lavender EDTA, grey potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride |
| What department monitors medication and anticoagulation therapy? | coagulation department |
| Order of draw | blood culture, light blue, sst, green, lavender, grey |
| What additive preserves liable coagulation factors | sodium citrate light blue |
| When a blood specimen clots, what is the portion that remains called? | plasma |
| What tube stabilizes glucose for three days? | grey |
| What tube contains thrombin and what color is the hemoguard | orange |
| If I am using a 4.5ml citrate tube and I draw 3mls of blood what needs to be done? | recollect it is QNS |
| What tube promotes clotting? | thrombin tubes |
| What tube contains heparin with gel separator | light green, STAT tube |
| What department does a pale yellow tube go to? | SPS tube, micro, ACD tube, hematology |
| What department does serum go to? | Chemistry |
| How does EDTA prevent clotting? | binds calcium |
| What difference is there when doing a butterfly/winged infusion set instead of an ETS draw? | no difference except needing to clear the line on a winged set and possible transfer device if syringe is used |
| What is the most common EDTA tube used | lavender |
| What tube is used for a liver profile | sst, gold |
| What tube is a CBC drawn in | Lavender |
| What tube is used for diabetic GTT draws? | Grey |
| What test and tube do we do on a patient that is on coumarin therapy? | APTT, light blue sodium citrate |
| What tube is collected first on a dermal draw? | lavender |
| What anticoagulant is in the green top tube? | heparin |
| What type of tube is used when collecting blood with no anticoagulant? | serum tube |
| What tube is used for a WBC count | Lavender |
| What tube do we use when testing for copper | royal blue |
| What is the personal bubble called? | zone of comfort |
| Which phase of testing is labeling and identifying your specimen | pre analytical |
| When a patient is scared what increases? | white blood cell count |
| When there is an IV in place, where do you draw the blood? | below the IV with IV off |
| What test is used to check for diabetes | GTT glucose tolerance test |
| What happens if you shake a specimen too hard or to long | hemolysis |
| How long does blood take to coagulate with no additive | 30 to 60 minutes |
| Why do we use standard precautions | reduce risk of transmission |
| The most negligent lawsuits are due to | HIPPA violations |
| Who is the CDC | center for disease control |
| What agency requires employees to protect their workers exposed to biological hazards | OSHA |
| What body system produces hormones | endocrine system |
| What does distal pressure tell you? | relaxation phase |
| What do the atrioventricular valves do | close to prevent back flow into the atria |
| What feature should be present on a blood smear? | feathered edge |
| When can/should we opt to do a dermal? | neonatal, morbidly obese, icu, hourly draw |
| When can we NOT do a dermal? | blood cultures, citrate tube, when large amount of blood is needed |
| What are the first three things you do with every draw? | introduce yourself, identify the patient, wash hands |
| What is the alternative if we do not have a tourniquet or one big enough for obese patients | blood pressure cuff |
| How are arteries different from veins | Arteries are larger, pulsate, and veins have valves |
| What is the alternative to drawing in the arm | dorsal side of hand |
| Where is a tourniquet placed? | at least three inches above the draw site |
| What tube do we use for STAT chemistries | lithium heparin, mint green |
| What is the max depth for dermal on a newborn | two mm or less |
| The larger the guage of a needle the _____________ | smaller the the size |
| The smaller the guage of a needle the ____________ | larger the size |
| What disease wastes away the muscles | muscular dystrophy |
| What is an acute facility? | short term |
| venesection and venesection mean the samething. what do they mean? | to cut a vein, phlebotomy |
| What is dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
| What does post prandial mean? | after eating |
| When does a healthcare acquired chain of infection occur? | when the chain of infection is complete |
| What type of precaution is taken with herpes | contact precaution |
| If a tourniquet is left on too long what changes in the blood | potassium level rises giving false result |
| OSHA requires employees to inform all employees of any possible chemical or health hazards in the work place, this is called | right to know |
| A K+, CL-, and Na++ are pair tof | an electrolyte panel |
| What stain is used of a blood smear | Wright's stain |
| What is the total magnification of a microscope with a 10x eyepiece and a 40x objective | 400 |
| What tests for dehydration and cell starvation in urine? | ketones |
| What tube stabilizes glucose for up to 3 days? | grey, sodium fluoride |
| What is done different when using a winged infusion to draw blood? | use a red top sterile tube to clear the line |
| What is the additive in the pale Yellow tube used for blood cultures? | Sodium Polyanthenolesulfonate |
| What type of care is an acute care facility? | Short term usually one night or short term rehab |
| What changes when a patient changes position quickly? | Iron |
| What decreases when a patient is scared or stressed? | Iron |
Created by:
CWillems
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