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Human Physiology #2

Second set

QuestionAnswer
from smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
The opening of the urethra at the tip of the glans is called the: external urinary meatus.
Cells reproduce by splitting themselves into two smaller daughter cells True
Tissues have a varying capacity to repair themselves; damaged tissue regenerates or is replaced by scar tissue true
Tissue group of similar cells that perform a common function
Functions of Epithelial Tissue 1. Protection 2. Sensory functions 3. Secretion 4. Absorption 5. Excretion
Types of Fibrous Connective tissue Loose fibrous (areolar) (2) Adipose (3) Reticular (4) Dense
Layers of Skin Two primary layers—epidermis and dermis
Types of Protection of the skin a. Physical barrier and immune barrier to microorganisms b. Barrier to chemical hazards c. Reduces potential for mechanical trauma d. Prevents dehydration e. Protects against excess UV exposure
Vertebral Column Cervical vertebrae, 7 2. Thoracic vertebrae, 12 3. Lumbar vertebrae, 5 4. Sacrum—in adults, results from the fusion of five separate vertebrae 5. Coccyx—in adults, results from the fusion of three to five separate vertebrae
Types of Bones a. Long bones—cylindrical b. Short bones—boxlike c. Flat bones—broad, sheetlike d. Irregular bones—various shapes e. Sesamoid bones—seedlike
Function of Epiphyses to provide attachments for muscles and give stability to joints
Dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone Periosteum
Contains many cylinder-shaped structural units called osteons, or haver-sian systems Compact bone
Anabolism builds large molecules from smaller ones; usually consumes energy
Catabolism breaks large molecules into smaller ones; usually releases energy
Created by: tabened
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