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Marisa Petarra
Physiology
| question/answer | term/definition |
|---|---|
| ANATOMY | THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF AN ORGANISM AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF ITS PARTS |
| PHYSIOLOGY | THE SCIENCE THAT DEALS WITH THE FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVING ORGANISM AND ITS PARTS |
| MITOCHONDRIA | THE "POWERHOUSES" OF CELLS THAT PROVIDE ENERGY NEEDED BY THE CELL TO CARRY ON DAY-TO-DAY FUNCTIONING, GROWTH, AND REPAIR |
| HOMEOSTASIS | THE RELATIVELY CONSTANT STATES MAINTAINED BY THE BODY |
| COVALENT BOND | A CHEMICAL BOND FORMED BY THE SHARING OF ONE OR MORE PAIRS OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN THE OUTER ENERGY LEVELS OF TWO ATOMS |
| HYDROGEN BOND | A WEAK CHEMICAL BOND THAT OCCURS BETWEEN THE PARTIAL POSITIVE CHARGE ON A HYDROGEN ATOM COVALENTLY BOUND TO A NITROGEN OR OXYGEN ATOM AND THE PARTIAL NEGATIVE CHARGE OF ANOTHER POLAR MOLECULE |
| IONIC BOND | A CHEMICAL BOND FORMED BY THE TRANSFER OF ELECTRONS FROM ONE ATOM TO ANOTHER |
| MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN LIPID COMPOUNDS | ENERGY, STRUCTURE, VITAMINS, PROTECTION, INSULATION AND REGULATION |
| MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN PROTEIN COMPOUNDS | STRUCTURE, CATALYZE CHEMICAL REACTIONS, TRANSPORTS SUBSTANCES IN BLOOD, COMMUNICATE INFO TO CELLS, ACT AS RECEPTORS, DEFEND BODY, PROVIDE ENERGY |
| PLASMA MEMBRANE | PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER REINFORCED WITH CHOLESTEROL AND EMBEDDED WITH PROTEINS AND OTHER ORGANIC MOLECULES |
| ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | NETWORK OF CANALS AND SACS EXTENDINGFROM THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE; MAY HAVE RIBOSOMES ATTACHED |
| OSMOSIS | THE PASSIVE MOVEMENT OF WATER THROUGH A SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE |
| FILTRATION | MOVEMENT OF WATER AND SOLUTES THROUGH A MEMBRANE BECAUSE OF A HIGHER HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON ONE SIDE |
| ENDOCYTOSIS | WHEN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE "TRAPS" SOME EXTRACELLULAR MATERIAL AND BRINGS IT INTO THE CELL |
| EXOCYTOSIS | THE PROCESS BY WHICH LARGE MOLECULES, NOTABLY PROTEINS, CAN LEAVE THE CELL EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE TOO LARGE TO MOVE OUT THROUGH THE PLASMA MEMBRANE |
| DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA) | GENETIC MATERIAL OF THE CELL THAT CARRIES THE CHEMICAL "BLUEPRINT" OF THE BODY |
| THE FOUR PHASES OF MITOSIS | PROPHASE, METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, TELOPHASE |
| MAJOR TISSUES OF THE BODY | EPITHELIAL, CONNECTIVE, MUSCLE, NERVOUS |
| FIVE LAYERS OF THE EPIDERMIS | STRATUM BASALE, STRATUM SPINOSUM, STRATUM GRANULOSUM, STRATUM LUCIDUM, STRATUM CORNEUM |
| FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN | PROTECTION, SENSATION, PERMITS MOVEMENT AND GROWTH WITHOUT INJURY, VITAMIN D PRODUCTION, EXCRETION, IMMUNITY, TEMPERATURE REGULATION |
| SEBACEOUS GLANDS | SECRETE OIL FOR THE HAIR AND SKIN |
| FUNCTIONS OF BONE | SUPPORT, PROTECTION, MOVEMENT, MINERAL STORAGE, HEMATOPOIESIS |
| TYPES OF BONES | LONG BONES (HUMERUS), SHORT BONES (CARPAL BONE), IRREGULAR BONES (VERTEBRA), FLAT BONES (STERNUM), SESAMOID BONES (PATELLA & SESAMOID OF THUMB) |
| TYPES OF CARTILAGE | HYALINE, ELASTIC, FIBROCA |
| THREE MAJOR TYPES OF CELLS FOUND IN BONES | OSTEOBLASTS, OSTEOCLASTS, OSTEOCYTES |
| TWO DIVISIONS OF THE SKELETON | THE AXIAL SKELTON (80 BONES-HEAD, NECK,TORSO) THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON (126 BONES-UPEER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES) |
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mpetarra
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