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Biology

QuestionAnswer
Atom Atoms consist of a nucleus made of protons and neutrons orbited by electrons. Atoms are the basic units of matter and the defining structure of elements.
Element An element is a pure substance which cannot be broken down by chemical means, consisting of atoms which have identical numbers of protons in their atomic nuclei.
Molecule Molecule is a group of two or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit into which a pure substance can be divided and still retain the composition and chemical properties of that substance.
Compound Something thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
Atomic Number the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
Mass Number the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
Atomic Weight the average mass of an atom of an element as it occurs in nature that is expressed in atomic mass units
Valence Electron an electron of an atom, located in the outermost shell of the atom, that can be transferred to or shared with another atom.
Electron a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
Proton a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign.
Neutron a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.
Isotope Isotope, one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table and nearly identical chemical behavior but with different atomic masses and physical properties.
Radioisotope An unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable.
Electron Configuration The arrangement of electrons in energy levels around an atomic nucleus.
Bond a strong force of attraction holding atoms together in a molecule or crystal, resulting from the sharing or transfer of electrons.
Polar Bond A polar covalent bond exists when atoms with different electromagnetism share electrons in a covalent bond
Nonpolar Bond A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electromagnetically and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair.
Hydrogen Bond a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electromotive atom in the other.
Solvent able to dissolve other substances.
Solution the process by which a gas, liquid, or solid is dispersed homogeneously in a gas, liquid, or solid without chemical change.
Solute the component of a solution that changes its state in forming the solution or the component that is not present in excess
Hydrophobic tending to repel or fail to mix with water.
Hydrophilic having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or wet by water.
Amino Acid a simple organic compound containing both a carboxylic and an amino group.
Nucleotide a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotide form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
Peptide Bond A peptide bond is a chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxylic group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule, releasing a molecule of water
Lipid any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
Saturated Fat a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules without double bonds, considered to be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fat.
Saccaride another term of saying sugar
Specific Heat (water) Specific heat is defined by the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius
Created by: agomez9273
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