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Unit 1 Vocabulary

Vocabulary for Unit 1 Biology

TermDefinition
Atom Smallest unit of life, consisting of protons, electrons, and neutrons
Element The purest form of something, cannot be broken down anymore, Each element has a special atomic number and mass number
Molecule Atoms bonded together to form the smallest chemical compound that can take place in a chemical reaction
Compound Multiple Elemnts bonded together to make something new
Atomic Number Displays the number of protons in the nucleus
Mass Number Displays the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Atomic Weight the mass of an atom
Valence Electrons The number of electrons on the outershell
Electrons Subatomic particle with a negative charge
Proton Subatomic Particle with a positive charge
Neutron Subatomic Particle with a Neutral Charge
Isotope Isotope, one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table
Radioisotope a radioactive isotope.
Electron Configuration Electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons in energy levels around an atomic nucleus A lasting attraction between atoms
Bond A lasting attraction between atoms
Polar Bond A polar bond is a covalent bond between two atomswhere electrons are shared unequally. One end of the molecule has a slightly negative charge, other end has a slightly positive charge.
Nonpolar Bond A nonpolar bond is a covalent bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity. (both atoms have equal charge)
Hydrogen Bond A chemical bond where a hydrogen atom has a covalent link with an electrostatic atom forming an electrostatic link.
Solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution.
Solution homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts.
Solute substance which is dissolved.
Hydrophobic repels or not attracted to water.
Hydrophilic attracted to water.
Amino Acid an organic compound that serves as a building block for proteins. Each amino acid contains an amino group and a carboxylic acid group.
Nucleotide basic building block of nucleic acids. RNA and DNA are polymers made of long chains of nucleotides.
Peptide Bond is a chemical bond between two amino acids.
Lipid one of the four bio-molecules, include waxes, fats, and steroids. Cushion the bodies organs.
Saturated Fat Fat with double bonds, this fat stacks making it the unhealthy fat. The stacking of the fats can clog arteries.
Saccaride another term for sugar. There are monosaccarides and polysaccarides. Monosaccarides = sugar, polysaccarides = carbohydrates.
Specific Heat (water) the amount of heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius. For water it is one calorie, or 4.184 joules.
Created by: agrinmanriv0537
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